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アプリ開発の新たな選択肢が登場!Google社製Flutterのご紹介

 アプリ開発の新たな選択肢が登場!Google社製Flutterのご紹介

2019年6月25日(火)開催のアシアル技術セミナーでの発表資料

アシアル株式会社

June 24, 2019
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  1. Dartとは > Dartの歴史 Googleによりリリース - JavaScriptを代替することが⽬的 - ブラウザへのDartVMの搭載が⽬標 2011 2015

    ブラウザへのDartVMの搭載を断念 2017 Googleのフロントエンド開発の標準⾔語としてTypeScriptが採⽤ 現在 Flutterの普及とともに、再び注⽬を集める
  2. Dartとは > サンプルコード class Person { String _firstName; String _lastName;

    Person(this._firstName, this._lastName); String getFullName() { return '$_lastName $_firstName'; } } void main() { Person person = Person('Hiroaki', 'Tsutsumi'); print(person.getFullName()); }
  3. Dartとは > カスケード記法 var button = querySelector('#confirm'); button.text = 'Confirm';

    button.classes.add('important'); button.onClick.listen((e) => window.alert('Confirmed!')); カスケード記法なし
  4. Dartとは > カスケード記法 var button = querySelector('#confirm'); button.text = 'Confirm';

    button.classes.add('important'); button.onClick.listen((e) => window.alert('Confirmed!')); カスケード記法なし querySelector('#confirm') ..text = 'Confirm' ..classes.add('important') ..onClick.listen((e) => window.alert('Confirmed!')); カスケード記法あり
  5. Dartとは > なぜDartが採⽤されたのか Dartはコンパイル⽅式として、JIT(Just In Time)と AOT(Ahead Of Time)の両⽅をサポート -

    JIT:コンパイル速・パフォーマンス低 - AOT:コンパイル遅・パフォーマンス⾼ 開発時はJITによる開発サイクルの⾼速化 プロダクションではAOTによるパフォーマンス向上 その他にもいくつかの理由があり、詳細は https://flutter.dev/docs/resources/faq#why-did-flutter-choose-to-use-dart (英語)を参照
  6. Flutterの基礎 > すべてがWidget @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold(

    appBar: AppBar(title: Text('TODOリ スト')), body: Column( children: <Widget>[...], ), ); }
  7. Flutterの基礎 > すべてがWidget @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold(

    appBar: AppBar(title: Text('TODOリ スト')), body: Column( children: <Widget>[...], ), ); }
  8. @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ..., body: Column(

    children: <Widget>[ Row( children: <Widget>[...], ), Expanded( child: ListView.builder(...), ), ], ), ); } Flutterの基礎 > すべてがWidget
  9. @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { ..., body: Column( children: <Widget>[

    Row( children: <Widget>[ Flexible( child: TextField(...), ), Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.only(right: 10.0)), RaisedButton(...), ], ), ..., Flutterの基礎 > すべてがWidget
  10. Flutterの基礎 > StatelessWidget class TodoListItem extends StatelessWidget { final int

    _index; final String _todo; final Function _removeTodo; TodoListItem(this._index, this._todo, this._removeTodo); @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Card( child: ListTile( title: Text(_todo), trailing: IconButton( icon: Icon(Icons.remove_circle, color: Colors.red), onPressed: () => _removeTodo(_index), ), ..., }
  11. Flutterの基礎 > StatelessWidget class TodoListItem extends StatelessWidget { final int

    _index; final String _todo; final Function _removeTodo; TodoListItem(this._index, this._todo, this._removeTodo); @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Card( child: ListTile( title: Text(_todo), trailing: IconButton( icon: Icon(Icons.remove_circle, color: Colors.red), onPressed: () => _removeTodo(_index), ), ..., } StatelessWidgetを継承
  12. Flutterの基礎 > StatelessWidget class TodoListItem extends StatelessWidget { final int

    _index; final String _todo; final Function _removeTodo; TodoListItem(this._index, this._todo, this._removeTodo); @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Card( child: ListTile( title: Text(_todo), trailing: IconButton( icon: Icon(Icons.remove_circle, color: Colors.red), onPressed: () => _removeTodo(_index), ), ..., } buildメソッドをoverride
  13. Flutterの基礎 > StatefulWidget final _todos = <String>[]; ... @override Widget

    build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ..., RaisedButton( ..., onPressed: () => setState(() => _todos.add(_todo)), ), ], ), ... child: ListView.builder( itemCount: _todos.length, itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) => TodoListItem(index, _todos[index], _removeTodo), ), ...
  14. Flutterの基礎 > StatefulWidget final _todos = <String>[]; ... @override Widget

    build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ..., RaisedButton( ..., onPressed: () => setState(() => _todos.add(_todo)), ), ], ), ... child: ListView.builder( itemCount: _todos.length, itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) => TodoListItem(index, _todos[index], _removeTodo), ), ... State(状態)を定義
  15. Flutterの基礎 > StatefulWidget final _todos = <String>[]; ... @override Widget

    build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ..., RaisedButton( ..., onPressed: () => setState(() => _todos.add(_todo)), ), ], ), ... child: ListView.builder( itemCount: _todos.length, itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) => TodoListItem(index, _todos[index], _removeTodo), ), ... Stateを更新(タスクを追加)
  16. Flutterの基礎 > StatefulWidget final _todos = <String>[]; ... @override Widget

    build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ..., RaisedButton( ..., onPressed: () => setState(() => _todos.add(_todo)), ), ], ), ... child: ListView.builder( itemCount: _todos.length, itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) => TodoListItem(index, _todos[index], _removeTodo), ), ... Stateの更新を検知し、buildが呼ばれる
  17. Flutterの基礎 > StatefulWidget final _todos = <String>[]; ... @override Widget

    build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( ..., RaisedButton( ..., onPressed: () => setState(() => _todos.add(_todo)), ), ], ), ... child: ListView.builder( itemCount: _todos.length, itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) => TodoListItem(index, _todos[index], _removeTodo), ), ... State(タスク⼀覧)が変化しているため、 ListViewが更新される
  18. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Opacity bool _visible = true; @override Widget build(BuildContext

    context) { ... body: Center( child: AnimatedOpacity( opacity: _visible ? 1.0 : 0.0, duration: Duration(seconds: 1), child: Container(width: 200.0, height: 200.0, color: Colors.blue), ), ), floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( child: Icon(Icons.flip), onPressed: () => setState(() => _visible = !_visible), ),
  19. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Opacity bool _visible = true; @override Widget build(BuildContext

    context) { ... body: Center( child: AnimatedOpacity( opacity: _visible ? 1.0 : 0.0, duration: Duration(seconds: 1), child: Container(width: 200.0, height: 200.0, color: Colors.blue), ), ), floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( child: Icon(Icons.flip), onPressed: () => setState(() => _visible = !_visible), ),
  20. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Opacity bool _visible = true; @override Widget build(BuildContext

    context) { ... body: Center( child: AnimatedOpacity( opacity: _visible ? 1.0 : 0.0, duration: Duration(seconds: 1), child: Container(width: 200.0, height: 200.0, color: Colors.blue), ), ), floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( child: Icon(Icons.flip), onPressed: () => setState(() => _visible = !_visible), ), Stateを定義
  21. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Opacity bool _visible = true; @override Widget build(BuildContext

    context) { ... body: Center( child: AnimatedOpacity( opacity: _visible ? 1.0 : 0.0, duration: Duration(seconds: 1), child: Container(width: 200.0, height: 200.0, color: Colors.blue), ), ), floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( child: Icon(Icons.flip), onPressed: () => setState(() => _visible = !_visible), ), Stateを更新
  22. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Opacity bool _visible = true; @override Widget build(BuildContext

    context) { ... body: Center( child: AnimatedOpacity( opacity: _visible ? 1.0 : 0.0, duration: Duration(seconds: 1), child: Container(width: 200.0, height: 200.0, color: Colors.blue), ), ), floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( child: Icon(Icons.flip), onPressed: () => setState(() => _visible = !_visible), ), Stateの変更を検知し、buildが呼ばれる
  23. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Opacity bool _visible = true; @override Widget build(BuildContext

    context) { ... body: Center( child: AnimatedOpacity( opacity: _visible ? 1.0 : 0.0, duration: Duration(seconds: 1), child: Container(width: 200.0, height: 200.0, color: Colors.blue), ), ), floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton( child: Icon(Icons.flip), onPressed: () => setState(() => _visible = !_visible), ), Opacityの変更に応じて、 アニメーション
  24. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Container double _width = 100; double _height =

    100; Color _color = Colors.blue; @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { ... child: AnimatedContainer( width: _width, height: _height, decoration: BoxDecoration(color: _color), duration: Duration(seconds: 1), curve: Curves.easeInOut, ), ... onPressed: () { setState(() { final random = Random(); _width = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _height = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _color = Color.fromRGBO(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), 1); });
  25. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Container double _width = 100; double _height =

    100; Color _color = Colors.blue; @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { ... child: AnimatedContainer( width: _width, height: _height, decoration: BoxDecoration(color: _color), duration: Duration(seconds: 1), curve: Curves.easeInOut, ), ... onPressed: () { setState(() { final random = Random(); _width = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _height = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _color = Color.fromRGBO(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), 1); }); Stateを定義
  26. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Container double _width = 100; double _height =

    100; Color _color = Colors.blue; @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { ... child: AnimatedContainer( width: _width, height: _height, decoration: BoxDecoration(color: _color), duration: Duration(seconds: 1), curve: Curves.easeInOut, ), ... onPressed: () { setState(() { final random = Random(); _width = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _height = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _color = Color.fromRGBO(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), 1); }); Stateを更新
  27. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Container double _width = 100; double _height =

    100; Color _color = Colors.blue; @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { ... child: AnimatedContainer( width: _width, height: _height, decoration: BoxDecoration(color: _color), duration: Duration(seconds: 1), curve: Curves.easeInOut, ), ... onPressed: () { setState(() { final random = Random(); _width = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _height = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _color = Color.fromRGBO(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), 1); }); Stateの変更を検知し、buildが呼ばれる
  28. Flutterの基礎 > アニメーション例:Container double _width = 100; double _height =

    100; Color _color = Colors.blue; @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { ... child: AnimatedContainer( width: _width, height: _height, decoration: BoxDecoration(color: _color), duration: Duration(seconds: 1), curve: Curves.easeInOut, ), ... onPressed: () { setState(() { final random = Random(); _width = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _height = random.nextInt(300).toDouble(); _color = Color.fromRGBO(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), 1); }); 各Stateの変更に応じて、 アニメーション