You, latency and profiling @ GopherCon India 2017

Transcript

1. You, latency and profiling Filippo Valsorda — @FiloSottile

2. What is fast?

3. A fast hash… … can hash many MB per second

4. A fast regex… … can process many MB/s

5. A fast database… … can store many GB per second

6. A fast database… … can store many GB per second

   … or replies to queries in a few milliseconds

7. A fast website… … can handle many requests at the

   same time … or loads in a few milliseconds

8. A fast API… … can handle many clients at the

   same time … or answers in a few milliseconds

9. Fast is… Throughput and Latency

10. CPU profiling -cpuprofile 
 /debug/pprof/profile

11. CPU profiling SIGPROF

12. runtime/proc.go

13. CPU profiling http.Handler 1 Running on CPU http.Handler 2 I/O

    I/O http.Handler 3 I/O http.Handler 4 I/O

14. CPU profiling Running on CPU I/O I/O I/O I/O http.Handler

    1 http.Handler 2 http.Handler 3 http.Handler 4

15. CPU profiling I/O Observed latency http.Handler 1

16. func Write(data []byte) { for i := 0; i <

    50; i++ { tmpfile, _ := ioutil.TempFile("", "ex") defer os.Remove(tmpfile.Name()) _, err = tmpfile.Write(data) tmpfile.Close() } } func Hash(data []byte) { for i := 0; i < 50; i++ { sha256.Sum256(data) } }

17. $ time curl http://127.0.0.1:12345/hash-and-write
 9.831 total
 go tool pprof -web

    slowserver cpu.pprof
18. None

19. $ time curl http://127.0.0.1:12345/hash-and-write
 9.831 total
 
 
 $ time

    curl http://127.0.0.1:12345/write-no-hash
 7.692 total

20. Latency is not all about CPU

21. CPU profiling is for throughput The tracer is for latency

22. $ time curl http://127.0.0.1:12345/write-no-hash
 7.692 total
 go tool trace -pprof=syscall

    trace.out > syscall.pprof go tool pprof -web syscall.pprof
23. None

24. The tracer Detailed nanosecond-level log of execution events: • goroutine

    scheduling, blocking • syscalls, network, I/O • garbage collection

25. The tracer • log files are BIG • 25% overhead

    (after Go 1.7) • symbols are embedded (Go 1.7)

26. Trace vs. profile • Full event context • Goroutine metadata

    and history • Discrete events, not samples

27. The tracer import "runtime/trace" 
 import "net/http/pprof" /debug/pprof/trace?seconds=5

28. None

29. go tool trace -pprof=TYPE trace.out Supported profile types are: -

    net: network blocking profile - sync: synchronization blocking profile - syscall: syscall blocking profile - sched: scheduler latency profile

30. go tool trace -pprof=syscall trace.out > syscall.pprof go tool pprof

    -web syscall.pprof

31. go tool trace -pprof=syscall trace.out > syscall.pprof go-torch -b syscall.pprof

    && 
 open torch.svg
32. None
33. None

34. -pprof=syscall func Write(data []byte) { for i := 0; i

    < 50; i++ { tmpfile, _ := ioutil.TempFile("", "ex") defer os.Remove(tmpfile.Name()) _, err = tmpfile.Write(data) tmpfile.Close() } }

35. -pprof=sync // Block waits on a channel func Block() {

    <-time.After(1 * time.Second) }

36. -pprof=sync

37. -pprof=sync

38. -pprof=net func Download() []byte { r, err := http.Get("https://golang.org/doc/go1.8") body,

    err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body) r.Body.Close() return body }

39. -pprof=net

40. -pprof=net

41. None

42. Writing our own profile prof := make(map[uint64]pprof.Record) for _, ev

    := range events { if ev.Type != trace.EvGoBlockNet { continue } rec := prof[ev.StkID] rec.Stk = ev.Stk rec.N++ rec.Time += ev.Link.Ts - ev.Ts prof[ev.StkID] = rec } pprof.BuildProfile(prof).Write(os.Stdout)

43. var childG = make(map[uint64]struct{}) var lastGLen int for { for

    _, ev := range events { if ev.Type != trace.EvGoCreate { continue } if _, ok := childG[ev.G]; !ok && !filterStack(ev.Stk, re) { continue } childG[ev.Args[0]] = struct{}{} } if len(childG) == lastGLen { break } lastGLen = len(childG) }

44. if _, ok := childG[ev.G]; !ok && !filterStack(ev.Stk, re) {

    continue }

45. tracefocus tracefocus -filter=ServeHTTP trace.out > net.pprof
 
 github.com/FiloSottile/tracetools

46. None
47. None

48. Build more tools! • Focus on goroutine number • Aggregate

    all blocking types • Visualizations • …

49. tracehist
 tracehist -filter=Close trace.out 
 
 github.com/FiloSottile/tracetools

50. None

51. Build more tools! Profile latency!

52. Questions? Filippo Valsorda @FiloSottile filippo@cloudflare.com