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1. ೖ໳ ໊લ
   Rails Developer Meetup 2019 ౻ଜେհ
   

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2. ࣗݾ঺հ
   • ౻ଜେհ
   
   • גࣜձࣾϚνϚν
   
   • Rails ྺ 10 ೥
   
   • https://twitter.com/ffu_
   
   • https://github.com/fujimura
   

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3. ͜ͷൃදʹ͍ͭͯ
   • ౻ଜ͸໊લʹͩ͜ΘΓ͕͋Δ
   
   • ໊લʹ͍ͭͯͷৄ͍͠આ໌͕ͳ͍ͱৗʑࢥ͍ͬͯͨ
   
   • Rails͚ͩͲɺ໊લେࣄͩ͠ɺͦΖͦΖߟ͑Λ·ͱΊ͍ͨͳͱࢥͬͨ
   
   • ͪͳΈʹ WEB+DB Press Ͱ໊લʹ͍ͭͯͷهࣄΛॻ͍͍ͯΔ
   

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4. ໊લͱ͸
   • ϓϩάϥϚʔ͸໊લΛຖ೔࢖͍ͬͯΔ
   
   • ॏཁͳ͜ͱ͸Θ͔͍ͬͯΔ
   
   • ͚Ͳɺͦ΋ͦ΋໊લͬͯԿʁඞཁͳͷʁͳΜͰॏཁͳͷʁྑ໊͍લͷج४
   ͸ʁ
   
   • ࣮͸Α͘Θ͔Βͳ͍
   

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5. ͓͠ͳ͕͖
   • ໊લ͸ศར
   
   • ໊લͷ࢓૊Έ
   
   • ͳ໊ͥલ͸ॏཁͳͷ͔
   
   • ྑ໊͍લͱ͸
   
   • ࣮࿥ ѱ໊͍લ
   

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6. ໊લ͸ศར
   • ·ͣ͸໊લ͕͍͔ʹศརͳπʔϧͰ͋Δ͔Λ֬ೝ͠·͢
   

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7. ໊લΛ࢖ΘͣʹϓϩάϥϜΛॻ͍ͯΈΑ͏
   • ໊લͳ͠Ͱ΋ϓϩάϥϜ͸ॻ͚Δ
   
   • Lazy K ͱ͍͏ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰૉ਺Λੜ੒͢ΔίʔυʢͷҰ෦ʣ
   
   • ͭΒ͍ʂ
   (SII(S(K(S(S(K(SII(S(S(KS)(S(K(S(KS)))(S(K(S(S(KS)(SS(S(S(KS)K))(KK)))))
   (S(S(KS)(S(KK)(S(KS)(S(S(KS)(S(KK)(S(KS)(S(S(KS)(S(KK)(SII)))
   (K(SI(KK)))))))(K(S(K(S(S(KS)(S(K(SI))(S(KK)(S(K(S(S(KS)K)(S(S(KS)K)I)
   ...
   

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8. ໊લΛ࢖ͬͯϓϩάϥϜΛॻ͍ͯΈΑ͏
   • Ruby ͱ͍͏ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰૉ਺Λੜ੒͢Δίʔυ
   
   • ಡΊΔʂ
   
   • ཧղͰ͖Δʂ
   require 'prime'
   Prime.each
   

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9. ͦ΋ͦ΋ɺͳΜͷͨΊʹ໊લΛ͚ͭΔͷ
   • ୯ʹศར͔ͩΒɺΑΓ΋ਂ͍໨త͕͋Δ
   
   • ໊લͷҙຯΛ͔ͭͬͯɺࡉ෦Λཧղͤͣ࠶ར༻͢ΔͨΊ
   
   • ࠷ऴతʹ͸ɺੜ࢈ੑͷͨΊ
   

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10. ࠶ར༻ʹΑΔੜ࢈ੑͷ޲্͸ʮٕज़ʯͷࠜװ
    • զʑ͸ͳͥ Ruby on Rails ͕ಈ͘ͷ͔஌Βͳ͍͚Ͳ࢖͑Δ
    
    • RailsɺMRIɺσʔλϕʔεɺͦͷଞϛυϧ΢ΣΞɺCPU…
    
    • ࡉ෦Λཧղͤͣʹ࠶ར༻Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ͕ٕज़ͷఆٛͷͻͱͭ
    
    • ͜ΕͰਓྨͷੜ࢈ੑ͸্͕͖ͬͯͨ
    
    • ৠؾػؔɺిؾɺίϯϐϡʔλʔ
    
    • ϓϩάϥϜ΋ͦͷҰͭ
    

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11. ໊લ͸ศར ·ͱΊ
    • ໊લ͕͋Δͱɺ࣮૷Λಡ·ͳͯ͘΋ϓϩάϥϜΛ࠶ར༻Ͱ͖Δ
    
    • ࠶ར༻Ͱ͖Δͱɺੜ࢈ੑ্͕͕Δ
    
    • ศརͲ͜ΖͰ͸ͳ͍໾ׂΛՌ͍ͨͯ͠Δ
    

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12. ໊લͷ͘͠Έ
    • ໊લ͕͍͔ʹϓϩάϥϛϯάͱ͍͏ٕज़ʹͱͬͯॏཁͳπʔϧͰ͋Δ͔͸
    Θ͔Γ·ͨ͠
    
    • ࠓ౓͸໊લͷ࢓૊ΈΛ֬ೝ͠·͢
    

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13. ໊લͬͯͳʹ
    • Կ͔ʹ͍ͭͨϥϕϧͷ͜ͱ
    ΓΜ͝
    

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14. ໊લͷҙຯͬͯͳʹ
    • ϥϕϧ͕ର৅Λʮࢦࣔʯ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ
    
    • ʮΓΜ͝ʯͬͯݴ༿ͷҙຯʁΓΜ͝ͷ͜ͱͰ͠ΐɺͱ͍͏ͷΛ೉͘͠ݴͬ
    ͨܗ
    ΓΜ͝
    

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15. ϓϩάϥϜʹ͓͚Δ໊લͬͯͳʹ
    • ॲཧʹ͍ͭͨϥϕϧͷ͜ͱ
    
    • ϝιουͷྫ
    find_or_initialze_by
    model = Model.find(params[:id])
    unless model
    Model.new(params
    end
    

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16. ϓϩάϥϜʹ͓͚Δ໊લͷҙຯͬͯͳʹ
    • ͦͷݴ༿͕ࢦࣔ͢͠ର৅ʁ
    
    • ڍಈʁ
    
    • ͳΜ͔௚ײతʹҧ͍ͦ͏
    
    • ֬ೝ͠·͢
    

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17. ର৅Λࢦࣔ͢Δ͜ͱͩͬͨΒ
    • ʮ౻ଜେհʯͷҙຯ͸ɺ͜͜Ͱ஻͍ͬͯΔਓؒɺͱͳΔ
    
    • ʮΓΜ͝ʯͷҙຯ͸ɺੈքʹଘࡏ͢ΔΓΜ͝ͷશͯɺͱͳΔ
    
    • ※ ͜͜Β΁ΜͰࢦࣔઆʹແཧ͕͋Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔ΔɻখઆͷதͷΓΜ͝ͱ
    ͔
    
    • find_or_initialize_by ͷର৅͸ԿͳΜͩʁ
    
    • ͏·͍͔͘ͳͦ͏
    

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18. ڍಈͩͬͨΒ
    • ActiveRecord::Relation#find_or_initialize_by ͸ params Λ
    ड͚औͬͯΫΤϦΛ૊ΈཱͯͯϨίʔυΛ୳ͯ͠…ɻ
    
    • ͜Ε͸ڍಈɻ͋ΔछϓϩάϥϜʢ࣮૷ʣͷҙຯͱ͸͍͑ͦ͏Ͱ͸͋Δ
    ͕ɺͦΕʹ෇͚ͨϥϕϧͱͯ͠ͷ໊લͷҙຯͰ͸ͳ͍
    
    • ͜Εͩͱத਎͕Θ͔Δ͜ͱ͕ҙຯ͕Θ͔Δ͜ͱʹͳͬͯ͠·͏
    
    • ͏·͍͔͘ͳͦ͏
    

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19. ௚ײతʹ͸Θ͔͍ͬͯΔ
    • ࢦࣔ΋ͩΊɺڍಈ΋ͩΊ
    
    • ͔͠͠զʑ͸ActiveRecord::Relation#find_or_initialize_by
    ͱ͍͏ϝιου໊ͷҙຯ͕Θ͔Δ
    
    • ʮݟ͚ͭΔ͔ɺͳ͔ͬͨΒ࡞Δʯ
    
    • ௚ײతʹ͸͜͏͍͏ʮৼΔ෣͍ͷઆ໌ʯ͕ҙຯͰ͋Δɺͱࢥ͍ͬͯΔͷ
    Ͱ͸
    
    • ※ ࢖͍͑ͯΕ͹Φοέʔɺͱ͍͏ʮҙຯͷ࢖༻આʯ͕ϕʔε
    

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20. ϓϩάϥϜʹ͓͚Δ໊લͷҙຯ = ৼΔ෣͍ͷઆ໌
    • find_or_initialize_by ͷҙຯ͸ʮݟ͚ͭΔ͔ɺͳ͔ͬͨΒ࡞Δʯ
    
    • ҙຯ = ৼΔ෣͍ͷઆ໌
    
    • ͬ͘͠Γ͘Δʂ
    

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21. ໊લͷ͘͠Έ ·ͱΊ
    • ϓϩάϥϜʹ͓͍ͯɺ
    
    • ໊લ͸ॲཧʹ͍ͭͨϥϕϧ
    
    • ໊લͷҙຯ͸ɺৼΔ෣͍ͷઆ໌
    

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22. ͳΜͰ໊લ͸ॏཁͳͷ
    • ໊લ͕ศརͳͷ͸Θ͔Γ·ͨ͠
    
    • ࢓૊Έ΋Θ͔͖ͬͯͨ
    
    • Ͱɺ໊લ͕ʮѱ͍ʯͱԿ͕ى͜Δͷʁઆ໌͠·͢
    

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23. ѱ໊͍લͰى͖Δ͜ͱ
    • ཧղͷίετ͕ߴ͍
    
    • צҧ͍Ͱόά͕ൃੜ͢Δ
    
    • => ੜ࢈ੑ͕Լ͕Δ
    
    • ςΫϊϩδʔͷ໨త͸࠶ར༻ʹΑΔੜ࢈ੑͷ޲্ɻͦΕΛѱ໊͍લ͸๦͛
    Δ
    
    • ʮΑ͍ʯ໊લॏཁ
    

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24. ͡Ό͋ɺԿ͕Α໊͍લͳͷ
    • ʰίʔυɾίϯϓϦʔτʱͰௐ΂ͯΈ·ͨ͠
    
    • ʮ໋໊ʹ͓͍ͯ࠷΋ॏཁͳߟྀ͢΂͖఺͸ɺม਺͕දݱ͢Δ΋ͷΛਖ਼֬ʹ
    ׬શʹݴ͍ද͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱʯ
    
    • McConnell, Steve. Code Complete (Kindle Location 6490). Microsoft
    Press. Kindle Edition) ຋༁͸ஶऀ
    
    • ʮਖ਼֬ʯͰʮ׬શʯͳ໊લͬͯͲ͏͍͏ঢ়ଶͰ͔͢ʁ => ॻ͍ͯͳ͍
    
    • Կ͕ྑ໊͍લͳͷ͔ॻ͍ͯͳ͍ͷͰɺߟ͑ͯΈ·ͨ͠
    

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25. Α໊͍લ = ໊લͷҙຯͱ࣮ࡍͷڍಈ͕߹͍ͬͯΔ΋ͷ
    • ཁ͸ɺݴ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱͱ΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ͕Ұக͍ͯ͠Δ໊લ
    
    • ͦΓΌͦ͏ͩΑͶɺͱ͍͏ఆٛͳΜͰ͕͢ɺࡉ͔͘ཧղ͢ΔՁ஋͕͋Δ
    
    • ৄ͘͠આ໌͠·͢
    

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26. ໊લͷҙຯͱڍಈ͕߹͍ͬͯͳ͍ͱ͸
    • ໊લͷҙຯ͕ڍಈʹରͯ͠ڱ͗͢Δ
    
    • ݴ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱΛ΍͍ͬͯͳ͍
    
    • ໊લͷҙຯ͕ڍಈʹରͯ͠޿͗͢Δ
    
    • ΍͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱΛݴ͍ͬͯͳ͍
    
    • ͷ͍ͣΕ͔
    

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27. ύλʔϯ 1: ໊લͷҙຯ͕ڱ͗͢Δ
    • ʮެ։೔Λ࠶ઃఆʯͬͯҙຯͳͷʹɺ࣌ࠁΛ࠶ઃఆͰ͖ͯ͠·͏
    
    • ΍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ໊͕લͷΘΓʹ޿͍
    class Article
    def reset_publish_date(date)
    update!(publish_at: date)
    end
    end
    

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28. ύλʔϯ 2: ໊લͷҙຯ͕޿͗͢Δ
    • check ͨ݁͠ՌͲ͏ͳΔͷʁ
    
    • login ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͕ਖ਼ʁ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ͷ͕ਖ਼ʁ
    
    • ໊લ͔Β͸Θ͔Βͳ͍
    
    • check ͷҙຯ͕޿͗͢Δͷ͕ݪҼ
    before_action :check_login
    private def check_login
    unless current_user
    redirect_to login_path
    end; end
    

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29. Α໊͍લͷ΋͏Ұͭͷج४ γϯϓϧ͞
    • ࠷΋ίϯύΫτͰత֬ͳදݱΛ࢖͏΂͠
    
    • ੈͷதʹ͸ employee ͱ͍͏ݴ༿͕͋Δ
    def person_who_is_hired_by_company
    def empolyee
    

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30. ͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ
    • Α໊͍લ = ໊લͷҙຯͱ࣮ࡍͷڍಈ͕߹͍ͬͯΔɺγϯϓϧͳ໊લ
    
    • ޿͗ͨ͢Γڱ͗ͨ͢Γ͢Δͱѱ໊͍લʹͳΔ
    

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31. ࣮࿥ ѱ໊͍લ
    • ۩ମྫΛ͓ಧ͚͠·͢
    

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32. User#check_paid
    class User
    def check_paid
    # ...
    end
    end
    

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33. User#check_paid ͱ͍͏໊લ͔Βߟ͑ΒΕΔڍಈ
    • ࢧ෷͍͕ࡁΜ͔ͩΛ Boolean Ͱฦ͢
    
    • ࢧ෷͍͕ࡁΜͰ͍ͳ͍৔߹Ϣʔβʔʹ self.errors Λ௥Ճ͢Δ
    
    • ࢧ෷͍͕ࡁΜͰ͍ͳ͍৔߹͸ྫ֎Λు͘
    
    • check ͷҙຯ͕޿͗ͯ͢ɺͲΕ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍
    

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34. User#check_paid ղମ
    • ͦΕͧΕԼهͷ༷ʹ࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯΕ͹ɺ೰Ή͜ͱ͸ͳ͍͸ͣ
    
    • check Λ࢖͏ͷΛ΍ΊΔ͚ͩͰ໊લ͕ྑ͘ͳΓ·͢
    class User
    # ࢧ෷͍͕ࡁΜ͔ͩΛ Boolean Ͱฦ͢
    def paid?
    # ...
    end
    # ࢧ෷͍͕ࡁΜͰ͍ͳ͍৔߹ϢʔβʔʹΤϥʔ৘ใΛ௥Ճ͢Δ
    def add_error_if_not_paid
    # ...
    end
    end
    

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35. Notification#user (1)
    • ௨஌Λड৴͢ΔϢʔβʔͷ໊લΛ'user'ͱͨ͠
    class Notification
    belongs_to :user
    end
    

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36. Notification#user (2)
    • ʮࣗ෼͕ૹͬͨ௨஌Λফ͢ʯͨΊʹɺԼهͷΑ͏ͳίʔυΛॻ͍ͨ
    
    • Notification#user ͕ड৴ऀͳͷ͔ૹ৴ऀͳͷ͔͸ɺ໊લ͔Β͸Θ͔Βͳ͍
    sent_notifications = Notification.where(user: current_user)
    # user = ड৴ͨ͠ਓͳͷͰɺࣗ෼ͷ௨஌͕ফ͑Δ
    sent_notifications.delete_all
    

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37. Notification#user (3)
    • 'recipient'ͱ͓͚ͯ͠͹ɺ໊લ͔Βड৴ऀͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔ΔͷͰɺ͜ͷ
    Α͏ͳࣄނ͸ى͖ͳ͍
    
    • ໘౗Ͱ΋໾ׂʹԠ໊ͨ͡લΛ͚ͭΔΑ͏ʹ͠·͠ΐ͏
    # ໊લ͔Β໌Β͔ʹม
    sent_notifications = Notification.where(
    recipient: current_user
    )
    

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38. ༨ஊ
    • ͔͜͜Β͸໊લʹ·ͭΘΔ༨ஊͰ͢
    

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39. UserRegistrationService ͷ’Service'ͬͯඞཁʁ
    UserRegistrationService.new.perform!
    UserRegistration.new.perform! # Service͍Βͳ͘ͳ͍ʁ
    

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40. ໊લͷωλݩ
    • schema.org
    
    • Google, Microsoft, Yahoo, Yandex ͕࡞ͬͨΠϯλʔωοτ༻ͷޠኮू
    
    • ςʔϒϧઃܭ೰Μͩ࣌͸͜͜ΛݟΕ͹݁ߏࡌ͍ͬͯΔ
    

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41. ࣙॻ.app
    • ໊લͷͨΊʹ࠷΋ॏཁͳπʔϧ͸ࣙॻ
    
    • Mac OS X ͷ ࣙॻ.app ͸ਆ
    
    • ͳΜͱӳӳࣙయɺྨޠࣙయɺӳ࿨ࣙయɺ࿨ӳࣙయ͕ɺશ෦ແྉͰೖ͍ͬͯΔ
    
    • ʮ؀ڥઃఆʯ͔Β௥ՃͰ͖ΔͷͰɺ·ͩͷํ͸͍·͙͢௥Ճ͠Α͏
    

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