From zero to Docker

This is a simple presentation I held about Docker in the Linux User Group of my town.

Transcript

1. From zero to Docker Giovanni Toraldo @ LuccaLUG
2. Docker: what is it? Enables software developers to: • package an application • with all dependencies • runs it everywhere unchanged
3. Docker: what is it? Enables system administrators to • simplify application deployment • ease scale-up & scale-down • processes separation
4. Underlying technologies • Linux namespaces • Control Groups (cgroups) • Layered filesystems • LXC (now libcontainer)
6. Glossary • Image: immutable snapshot of a container, push/pull repository • Container: an instance launched from an image • Volume: persistent writable area of a container • Registry: repository of images (versioned via tags) • Dockerfile: the descriptor from which an image is built
7. How to install docker engine • GNU/Linux deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-trusty main deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo debian-jessie main pacman -S docker • Windows / OSX https://www.docker.com/products/docker-toolbox
9. Docker-machine Machine manager (like Vagrant) https://github.com/docker/machine (Win/Mac: distributed in Docker toolkit) • Launch VM somewhere • Install Docker • Generates and copy certificates ◦ (password-less auth) • Enable remote access via TCP
10. Docker-machine backends Where nodes can run? • Generic backend ◦ existing hosts with ssh access • Local machine (virtualization) ◦ Virtualbox ◦ VMware Fusion • Cloud providers ◦ Amazon ◦ GCE ◦ Rackspace ◦ DigitalOcean ◦ ...
11. Docker-machine bootstrap examples $ docker-machine create --driver generic --generic-ip-address=<ip-address> <nodename> $ docker-machine create --driver virtualbox <nodename> $ docker-machine create --driver digitalocean --digitalocean-access-token <token> <nodename> $ docker-machine create --driver amazonec2 --amazonec2-access-key <key> -- amazonec2-secret-key <secret> <nodename> $ docker-machine create --driver kvm --kvm-cpu-count 2 --kvm-disk-size 20 --kvm- memory 4096 <nodename>
12. Interaction with a Docker-machine node $ docker-machine env default export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY="1" export DOCKER_HOST="tcp://192.168.99.100:2376" export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="/home/gionn/.docker/machine/machines/default" export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME="default" # Run this command to configure your shell: # eval "$(docker-machine env default)" $ docker info Kernel Version: 4.1.17-boot2docker Operating System: Boot2Docker 1.10.0 (TCL 6.4.1); master : b09ed60 - Thu Feb 4 20:16:08 UTC 2016
13. Hello world $ docker run -ti ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash • Live demo time
14. What happens under the hood? • Pulls the ubuntu image from registry • Creates a new container ◦ Allocates a rw filesystem ◦ Allocates a network interface (on a bridge) ◦ Sets up network (IP address, dns..) • Launch a process in the container • Captures and provides application output Container terminates when the process exit
15. Dockerfile (not the best example)
16. Standard workflow Build & push: • docker build -t gionn/nodejs-app:1.0.0 . ◦ a tagged image is generated • docker push gionn/nodejs-app:1.0.0 ◦ publish to repository Pull & run: • docker pull gionn/nodejs-app:1.0.0 ◦ fetch from repository • docker run gionn/nodejs-app:1.0.0 ◦ run container from this image
17. Docker compose Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications using a file in YML format. $ docker-compose up Examples: https://github.com/ClouDesire/docker-compose-library
18. Thanks!