極める！メソッドチェーン #phpstudy / fluent-interface

2017/07/26 第116回 PHP勉強会の発表資料です。

Transcript

1. ۃΊΔʂ
 ϝιουνΣʔϯ @hiraku
2. ࣗݾ঺հ • த໺ ୓ (@Hiraku) • https://github.com/hirak • ϝϧΧϦͷαʔόʔαΠυΤϯδχΞ • Composerؔ࿈ͷൃදΛΑ͍ͯ͘͠·͢ • PHPΧϯϑΝϨϯεؔ੢2016 جௐߨԋ
3. We are hiring!
7. ۃΊΔʂ
 ϝιουνΣʔϯ @hiraku
8. ϝιουνΣʔϯͱ͸ $talk ->setTitle('art of method chain') ->setContent('no plan') ->setLength('20min') ; ΦϒδΣΫτʹରͯ͠ɺ
 ϝιουΛଓ͚ͯॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹ
 ͨ͠ύλʔϯ/APIσβΠϯͷ͜ͱ
9. 5೥લʹൃදͨ͠΍ͭ https://www.slideshare.net/hinakano/xml-builder
11. ΋ͪΖΜ߹๏ͳPHPߏจ
12. Χοίলུ&Մมϝιου໊ ด͡λά͕ͳ͍͜ͱͷ໌ࣔ ด͡λάิ׬
13. ࠷ۙॻ͍ͨ΍ͭ PHPͷߴ଎ΦγϟϨةݥ഑ྻϥΠϒϥϦspindle/collectionΛ࡞͍ͬͯΔ࿩ - Qiita http://qiita.com/Hiraku/items/bb6318d1d2c26ae7f30a
14. ·ΔͰ੒௕ͯ͠ͳ͍…
15. ϝιουνΣʔϯେ޷͖ • ੍໿಺ͰPHPΒ͘͠ͳ͍ߏจΛ࡞Δ௅ઓ • PHP͸ߏจ͕ශऑͩͬͨ • ݺͼग़͠νΣʔϯͰ͖ͳ͍ͱ͔()()()() • །Ұੲ͔Β࢖͑ͨͷ͕ϝιουνΣʔϯ
16. ͓͜ͱΘΓ • ϥΠϒϥϦΛఏڙ͢Δਓ͸ԿΛߟ͑Δ΂͖͔ʁ Έ͍ͨͳ࿩Λ͠·͢ • ҰੲલͷJavaͷম͖௚͔͠΋͠Εͳ͍
17. ໨࣍ 1. σϝςϧͷ๏ଇ 2. ϝιουνΣʔϯͷύλʔϯ৭ʑ 3. APIσβΠϯͷ͓࿩ 4. σϞతͳ΍ͭ
18. 1ষ
 σϝςϧͷ๏ଇ ۃΊΔ!ϝιουνΣʔϯ
19. σϝςϧͷ๏ଇ (࠷খ஌ࣝͷݪଇ)
 (Law of Demeter, LoD) • ιϑτ΢ΣΞͷઃܭɺಛʹΦϒδΣΫτࢦ޲ ϓϩάϥϜͷઃܭʹ͓͚ΔΨΠυϥΠϯ • ʮ๏ଇʯͱ͍͏࿨༁͕ͩɺʮ͜ΕΛकͬͯΔ ίʔυͷํ͕͍͍Αʂʯͱ͍͏Α͏ͳओࢫ
20. σϝςϧOK? 0, /( B BCD UIJTB UIJTB C UIJTBC UIJTBC D
21. ৮ͬͯྑ͍΋ͷ 0, ϩʔΧϧม਺ɺҾ਺͸৮ͬͯ0, B ࣗ෼ͷϝιου͸৮ͬͯ0, UIJTB ࣗ෼ͷϓϩύςΟͷϝιου΋
    ৮ͬͯ0, UIJTBC
22. $talk ->setTitle('art of method chain') ->setContent('no plan') ->setLength('20min') ; $talk->setTitle('art of method chain'); $talk->setContent('no plan'); $talk->setLength('20min'); LoD͸कͬͨํ͕͍͍ͷʁ ϝιουͷ໭Γ஋ is Կʁ ͜ΕͳΒ໭Γ஋Λؾʹ͢Δ·Ͱ΋ͳ͍
23. ϝιουνΣʔϯͱ͸ $talk ->setTitle('art of method chain') ->setContent('no plan') ->setLength('20min') ; ΦϒδΣΫτʹରͯ͠ɺ
 ϝιουΛଓ͚ͯॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹ
 ͨ͠ύλʔϯ/APIσβΠϯͷ͜ͱ
24. ͸͍
25. ϝιουνΣʔϯ͸LoDҧ൓ • LoDతʹ͸ɺ$this->set...; $this->set...; ͱͦΕ ͧΕॻ͘΂͖ • LoD΋ɺϥΠϒϥϦઃܭऀ͕஌͓ͬͯ͘΂͖
 ݪଇͷ̍ͭͰ͸͋Δ
26. Ұ୴ɺLoD͸ஔ͍ͱ͍ͯɺ
 ࿩ΛਐΊ·͢ɻ
27. 2ষ
 ϝιουνΣʔϯͷ
 ύλʔϯ ۃΊΔ!ϝιουνΣʔϯ
28. LoDΛഁͬͯ·Ͱ ϝιουνΣʔϯͰ ԿΛ͍ͨ͠ͷ͔ʁ
29. 1) return $this class Chainable { function setA($val) { $this->a = $val; return $this; } function setB($val) { $this->b = $val; return $this; } } (new Chainable) ->setA('a') ->setB('b'); ࿈ଓͰsetͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨΑʂ
30. return $this
 ʹର͢Δݸਓతཧղ • ౎౓$instance->ͬͯॻ͔ͳͯ͘Α͘ͳΔ • ͪΐͬͱ͚ͩShort hand • ͨͩͦΕ͚ͩͳͷͰɺLoDഁΔ΄ͲͷՁ஋͕ ͋Δ͔…ͱ͍͏ͱඍົͳؾ΋͢Δ
31. 2) PSR-7ͷAPIΈ͍ͨͳ΍ͭ (new GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Request('GET', 'http://example.com')) ->withHeader('foo', 'baa') ->withBody($body); return $thisͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ
 newͯ͠ࠓ·Ͱͷ৘ใΛίϐʔ
 (ผΠϯελϯεΛฦ͢)
32. immutableͱ͸ • setterͷͳ͍ΦϒδΣΫτ • ಺෦ΛมߋͰ͖ͳ͍ͷͰɺ
 clone͠ͳͯ͘΋҆શʹฦͤΔ • setterͰ͸ͳ͘ɺʮίϐʔͯ͠Ұ෦Λ্ॻ͖ʯ ͢ΔσβΠϯ
33. immutable
 ʹର͢Δݸਓతཧղ • ໭Γ஋Λड͚औΒͳ͍ͱ݁Ռ͕ফ͑ͯ͠·͏ • $obj->setFoo($foo);
 $obj->setBaa($baa);
 ͯ͠΋ҙຯ͕ͳ͍ • $obj = $obj->setFoo($foo);
 $obj = $obj->setBaa($baa); • ه๏͕໘౗ͳͷͰɺϝιουνΣʔϯʹͨ͘͠ͳΔ(Θ͔Δ)
34. ͪΐͬͱ࿩͕ҳΕ·͕ͨ͠ • return $this͢Δ͚͕ͩϝιουνΣʔϯͰ͸ ͳ͍ • return new ͢Δύλʔϯ΋͋Δ
35. return newͰ
 ༡ΜͰΈΔྫ
36. ͓୊ • ϝιουνΣʔϯͰ
 ೖΕࢠͰ͖ΔifจΛ
 ࡞Ε
37. ϒϩοΫʹΦϒδΣΫτΛ౰ͯ ͸ΊΔ • if͸newΛฦ͢ • endif͸ϒϩοΫΛ ऴΘΒͤͯ΋ͱʹ ໭Δ
38. <?php abstract class Context { protected $parent = null; function __construct(Context $parent=null) { $this->parent = $parent; } abstract function if(bool $bool): Context; abstract function say(string $str): Context; function endif(): Context { return $this->parent; } } class TrueContext extends Context { function if(bool $bool): Context { if ($bool) { return new self($this); } else { return new FalseContext($this); } } function say(string $str): Context { echo $str,PHP_EOL; return $this; } } class FalseContext extends Context { function if(bool $bool): Context { return new self($this); } function say(string $str): Context { return $this; } } function dsl(): TrueContext { return new TrueContext; } ͍͍ͩͨ ͜Ε͙Β͍ Ͱ࡞ΕΔ ϝιουνΣʔϯDSLͰϒϩοΫΛ࡞ΔςΫχοΫ: Architect Note http://blog.tojiru.net/article/272060766.html
39. 3) +ϚδοΫϝιουͷཚ༻ return $thisͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ
 newͯ͠ࠓ·Ͱͷ৘ใΛίϐʔ
 (ผΠϯελϯεΛฦ͢)
40. ϚδοΫϝιου • __get(){}ɺ__call(){}ΛΫϥεʹੜ΍͓ͯ͘͠ • ϓϩύςΟ/ϝιουʹΞΫηεग़དྷͳ͍ͱ͖ ʹࣗಈతʹݺ͹ΕΔ • Rubyͷmethod_missingΈ͍ͨͳ΍ͭ
41. IUNM
    NFUB@
    UJUMF@
    @
    ͳΜͯϝιου΍
 QVCMJDϓϩύςΟ͸ੜ͍͑ͯͳ͍ɻ
    ࣮ࡍʹॲཧ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͸
    @@DBMM ͱ@@HFU
42. ϚδοΫϝιου • ✅ίʔυྔ(ܶతʹݮΔ) • ❌ಡΈ΍͢͞ • ❌֦ுੑ • ❌PhpStormʹౖΒΕΔ • ׂͱݏ͍ͬͯΔPHPer͕ଟ͍ҹ৅(ओ؍)
43. 4) fluent interface • ʮྲྀΕΔΑ͏ͳΠϯλʔϑΣʔεʯ • ϝιουνΣʔϯΛ΋͏গ͠ൃలͤͨ͞΋ͷ • આ໌͕೉͍͠ͷͰ࣍ͷষ΁
44. 3ষ
 APIσβΠϯͷ࿩ ۃΊΔ!ϝιουνΣʔϯ
45. ঢ়گ • ͋ͳͨ͸ɺͱ͋ΔWebαʔϏεͷPHP൛SDK Λ࡞Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·ͨ͠ • ͦͷWebαʔϏε͸େྔͷػೳ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ • SDKͳͷͰɺੜcurlͰୟ͘ΑΓ͸ศརʹ͍ͨ͠
48. SDKͷAPIσβΠϯ • SDKϢʔβʔ͸಺෦࣮૷ΛΑ͘஌Βͳ͍ • Ͱ͖Ε͹υΩϡϝϯτ͚ͩͰ࢖͍͜ͳ͍ͨ͠ • ͲΜͳΫϥε͕͋ͬͯɺ
 ͲΜͳϝιουΛ഑ஔ͢Δʁ
49. …Ԟͷਂ͍࿩Ͱ͋Δ
50. ςϨϏͷϦϞίϯ໰୊
52. Α͋͘ΔςϨϏͷϦϞίϯ • Ϙλϯ͕͍ͬͺ͍͋Δ • ͲΕΛԡͤ͹͍͍ͷʁ໎͏ • (ͨͿΜ)ςετେมͦ͏… • ͍ͭͰ΋͋ΒΏΔϘλϯ͕ԡͤΔ
53. ղܾҊ • ͍͞͠ΐ͸Ϙλϯ1ݸ(ిݯ)ͷΈ • ిݯ͕ೖΔͱɺ͏ʹΐʔΜͱϘλϯ͕ੜ͑ͯ͘Δ • ૢ࡞͢ΔͨͼʹɺϘλϯ͕͏ʹΐʔΜͱੜ͑ͯ͘ Δ or ফ͑Δ • Ϙλϯ͸ݮΒͤͦ͏Ͱ͢Ͷʂ
54. API = ϦϞίϯ
55. APIσβΠϯʹ౰ͯ͸ΊͯΈΔ • ϩάΠϯ͕ඞཁͳΒɺϩάΠϯͷAPI͚͕ͩ
 ݟ͑ͯΔ΂͖ • ͦͷঢ়ଶͰՄೳͳૢ࡞͚͕ͩ࢖͑Δ • linkͰػೳΛͭͳ͙RESTͷΑ͏ͳߟ͑ํ
56. fluent interfaceͷߟ͑ํ • จ຺(ίϯςΩετ)ʹԠͯ͡ɺreturn͢Δ
 ΫϥεΛมߋ͢Δ • ඞཁे෼ͳϝιου͚ͩ৮ΕΔঢ়ଶΛอͭ
57. 4ষ
 SELECTจϏϧμʔ ۃΊΔ!ϝιουνΣʔϯ
58. ΫΤϦϏϧμͬͯ͋Γ·͢ΑͶ • PHP্ͰSQLΛ૊ΈཱͯΔ΍ͭ • ΞϨΛfluent interfaceͰઃܭ(design)ͯ͠
 Έ·͠ΐ͏ • ࣮૷·Ͱ͸ؒʹ߹Θͳ͔ͬͨ
59. SELECTจͷ෮श ͍͍ͩͨҎԼͷॱͰॲཧ͞ΕΔ FROM → JOIN → WHERE → GROUP BY → HAVING → PROJECT → ORDER BY → LIMIT → UNION ࢦఆॱΛ͜ΕͰݻఆͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹAPIઃܭ
60. ࡉ͔͘ΫϥεΛ༻ҙ
61. ໭Γ஋Λ࣍ͷίϯςΩετʹ
62. ͱ͍͏Θ͚Ͱద౰ʹ࡞ͬͨ΍ͭ https://github.com/hirak/php-query-builder (APIσβΠϯͷ࿩ͳͷͰத਎͸ϞοΫঢ়ଶ)
63. Demo
64. fluent interfaceͷ͍͍ͱ͜Ζ • IDEͷิ׬ͱ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔͱޮՌ͸͹͙ͭΜͩ
65. APIઃܭऀͷ಄ͷத • LoDʹै۪ͬͨ௚ͳઃܭʹ͢Δ΂͖͔ʁ • ίϯςΩετΛಋೖͯ͠fluent͗Έʹ͢Δ͔ʁ • ΞϓϦͷUIΛߟ͑Δ͜ͱͱࣅ͍ͯΔ • ਖ਼ղ͸ͳ͍͚Ͳɺ͍Ζ͍Ζͳྲྀ೿Λ஌͓ͬͯ ͘ͱɺ͍͔ͭ໾ཱ͔ͭ΋ʁ
66. ·ͱΊ
67. Ԟਂ͖ϝιουνΣʔϯͷੈք • σϝςϧͷ๏ଇ͓͖֮͑ͯ·͠ΐ͏ • ϝιουνΣʔϯͰDSLͬΆ͍΋ͷ࡞Δͱ
 ָ͍͠Α • return $thisҎ֎ʹ΋৭ʑ͋Δͷ͸͓֮͑ͯ͘ ͱ͍͍Α
68. ͦͷଞͷ࿩୊
69. Unified Variable Syntax (PHP7) • PHP7͔ΒɺνΣʔϯͰ͖ΔߏจͷόϦΤʔ γϣϯ͕૿͑ͯΔ • abc()()ɺBaa::a()::foo() • Կ͔࢖͍ํͳ͍͔ͳʔɻɻ