自己対照デザイン：ケースクロスオーバーデザイン・ケースタイムコントロールデザイン

自己対照デザインの研究は、アウトカムが基準と曝露が基準のデザインに大別できます。このスライドではアウトカムが基準となるデザインとして、ケースクロスオーバーデザイン・ケースタイムコントロールデザイン・ケース・ケースタイムコントロールデザインを解説します。ケースクロスオーバーデザイン用のデータセット作成と解析用プログラムもついています。

Transcript

1. Ξ΢τΧϜ͕ΞϯΧʔͱͳΔ
   

   ࣗݾରরσβΠϯ
   ྟচӸֶݚڀʹ͓͚Δใࠂͷ࣭޲্ͷͨΊͷ౷ܭֶͷݚڀձ
   ୈճݚڀूձ
   ࠤ౻ढ़ଠ࿕
   ௕࡚େֶපӃྟচݚڀηϯλʔ
   TIVOUBSPTBUP!OBHBTBLJVBDKQ
   

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2. 2
   Ξ΢τΧϜ͕ΞϯΧʔͷࣗݾରরσβΠϯͷུ֓
   έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯ
   έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
   έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
   ಘΒΕΔޮՌ
   ৚݅ͱԾఆ όΠΞε ऑΈ
   ऑΈ
   ౷ܭղੳʢέʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔͱέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧʣ
   ඞཁͳσʔληοτͷܗ
   ౷ܭղੳํ๏
   0WFSWJFX
   ܭࢉํ๏
   ಘΒΕΔޮՌ ܭࢉํ๏
   ಘΒΕΔޮՌ ܭࢉํ๏
   

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3. έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯͱ͸ʁ
   

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4. Ϟνϕʔγϣϯ
   4
   ৺ے伷࠹ʢ.*ʣͷൃ঱ʹӨڹ͢Δൃ঱௚લͷཁҼΛௐ΂͍ͨʂ
   ଟ͘ͷ.*͸ɺൃ঱લͷ਺͔࣌ؒΒ਺೔ͷ׆ಈ͕Ҿ͖ۚʹͳͬͯΔͩΖ͏ɻ
   έʔείϯτϩʔϧݚڀΛܭը͠Α͏ɻ
   Ͱ΋ɺίϯτϩʔϧ܈ͷ৘ใΛूΊΔͷେมͩΑͶʜɻ
   έʔείϯτϩʔϧݚڀͰ͸ɺ
   

   έʔεͱίϯτϩ—ϧͷݪूஂ͕ಉ͡ඞཁ͕͋Δ
   έʔεͱಉ͡ݪूஂ͸ʁ έʔεࣗ਎
   ݪूஂ
   έʔε
   ίϯτϩʔϧ
   έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯ
   .BDMVSF.5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHOBNFUIPEGPSTUVEZJOHUSBOTJFOUF
   ff
   FDUTPOUIFSJTLPGBDVUFFWFOUT
   

   "N+&QJEFNJPM+BO
   r
   $BTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHO
   

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5. έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯͷԿ͕͏Ε͍͔͠ʁ
   5
   w έʔεͷ৘ใ͚ͩूΊΕ͹ྑ͍
   w ࣌ؒͰมಈ͠ͳ͍ҼࢠΛແࢹͰ͖Δ
   w ະ஌ɾະଌఆͰ͋ͬͯ΋ʢFHҨ఻৘ใʣ
   

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6. Maclure M.
   

   The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient
   effects on the risk of acute events.
   
   
   Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Jan 15;133(2):144–53.
   έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯɿ۩ମྫᶃ
   

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7. 7
   .*ൃ঱
   ΞϯΧʔ
   32 ίʔώʔͷઁऔ͸ɺ.*ൃ঱ͷҾ͖ۚʹͳΔ͔ʁ
   ର৅ूஂ .*ൃ঱ͨ͠ਓ
   Ξ΢τΧϜʢΞϯΧʔʣ ৺ے伷࠹ʢ.*.ZPDBSEJBM*OGBSDUJPOʣ
   മ࿐ ίʔώʔઁऔ
   য఺ظؒʢ'PDBMXJOEPXʣ .*ൃ঱௚લͷ࣌ؒ
   ࢀরظؒʢ3FGFSFOUXJOEPXʣ աڈ೥ؒʢ.*ൃ঱௚લͷ࣌ؒΛআ͘ʣ
   ղੳ୯Ґ ࣌ؒ
   ϝϞ ΠϯλϏϡʔௐࠪʢ.*ൃ঱ޙɺதԝ஋೔Ͱฉ͖औΓʣ
   য఺ظؒ
   ࢀরظؒ
   ࣌ؒ ʜ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ
   ؍࡯ظؒʢ೥ؒʣ
   έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
   

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8. σʔλʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
   8
   *%
   .*ൃ঱લͷ࠷ޙͷ
   

   ίʔώʔઁऔ
   ίʔώʔͷઁऔස౓
   ࠷ޙͷമ࿐͕
   

   য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
   ظ଴͞ΕΔ
   য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
   IPVST EBZ
   NJOVUFT EBZ
   IPVST NPOUI
   IPVST EBZ
   IPVST EBZ
   IPVST NPOUI
   IPVST EBZ
   IPVST EBZ
   IPVST EBZ
   IPVST EBZ
   .BDMVSF
   ͷදΛվม
   ೔ճҿΉ͔Β
   

   ೥ؒͰɺظ଴͞ΕΔয఺ظؒʢ࣌ؒʣ͸ճº೔࣌ؒ
   ظ଴͞ΕΔࢀরظؒʢ࣌ؒʣ͸೔º࣌ؒ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ
   .BDMVSF.5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHOBNFUIPEGPSTUVEZJOHUSBOTJFOUF
   ff
   FDUTPOUIFSJTLPGBDVUFFWFOUT
   

   "N+&QJEFNJPM+BO
   r
   ࣌ؒ
   

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9. σʔλͷΠϝʔδʢ*%ʣ
   9
   .*ൃ঱
   য఺ظؒ
   ࢀরظؒ
   ࣌ؒ ʜ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ
   ຖ೔ճҿΉਓ
   *%
   .*ൃ঱લͷ࠷ޙͷ
   

   ίʔώʔઁऔ
   ίʔώʔͷઁऔස౓
   ࠷ޙͷമ࿐͕
   

   য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
   ظ଴͞ΕΔ
   য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
   IPVST EBZ
   য఺ظؒ ࢀরظؒ
   ࠷ޙͷമ࿐ظؒ
   1FSTPOUJNF º
   
   

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10. σʔλͷΠϝʔδʢ*%ʣ
    10
    .*ൃ঱
    য఺ظؒ
    ࢀরظؒ
    ࣌ؒ ʜ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ
    ϲ݄ʹճҿΉਓ
    *%
    .*ൃ঱લͷ࠷ޙͷ
    

    ίʔώʔઁऔ
    ίʔώʔͷઁऔස౓
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐͕
    

    য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
    ظ଴͞ΕΔ
    য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
    IPVST NPOUI
    য఺ظؒ ࢀরظؒ
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐ظؒ
    1FSTPOUJNF º
    
    

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11. ݁Ռʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
    11
    *%
    .*ൃ঱લͷ࠷ޙͷ
    

    ίʔώʔઁऔ
    ίʔώʔͷઁऔස౓
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐͕
    

    য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
    ظ଴͞ΕΔ
    য఺ظؒࢀরظؒ
    IPVST EBZ
    NJOVUFT EBZ
    IPVST NPOUI
    IPVST EBZ
    IPVST EBZ
    IPVST NPOUI
    IPVST EBZ
    IPVST EBZ
    IPVST EBZ
    IPVST EBZ
    33.)
    13,517
    7,355
    = 1.8
    য఺ظؒʹ
    മ࿐͕͋ͬͨέʔεͷ
    

    ظ଴ࢀরظؒͷ࿨
    ࢀরظؒʹ
    മ࿐͕͋ͬͨέʔεͷ
    

    ظ଴য఺ظؒͷ࿨
    .BOUFM)BFOT[FMਪఆྔ
    3BUFSBUJP
    .BDMVSF.5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHOBNFUIPEGPSTUVEZJOHUSBOTJFOUF
    ff
    FDUTPOUIFSJTLPGBDVUFFWFOUT
    

    "N+&QJEFNJPM+BO
    r
    ίʔώʔઁऔ࣌ؒҎ಺ͷ.*ൃ঱཰ൺ
    

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12. .BOUFM)BFO[FMਪఆྔʢ3BUFSBUJPʣᶃ
    12
    য఺ظؒ ࢀরظؒ 5PUBM
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐ظؒ "J "J
    1FSTPOUJNF 5J 5J 5J
    RRMH
    =
    ∑N
    i=1
    A1i
    T0i
    /T+i
    ∑N
    i=1
    A0i
    T1i
    /T+i
    αϯϓϧαΠζ/
    Ұͭͷ૚͸ɺҰਓͷݸମͰ׬݁
    .BOUFM)BFOT[FMਪఆྔ
    ҰਓͻͱΓͷݸମΛ૚ͱߟ͑ͯɺ৘ใΛ଍͠ࠐΜͰ͍͘
    ݸମ಺ͰɺϚονϯά͍ͯ͠ΔΠϝʔδ
    

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13. .BOUFM)BFO[FMਪఆྔʢ3BUFSBUJPʣᶄ
    13
    *% য఺ظؒ ࢀরظؒ
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐ظؒ
    1FSTPOUJNF
    *% য఺ظؒ ࢀরظؒ
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐ظؒ
    1FSTPOUJNF
    য఺ظؒ ࢀরظؒ 5PUBM
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐ظؒ "J "J
    1FSTPOUJNF 5J 5J 5J
    RRMH
    =
    ∑N
    i=1
    A1i
    T0i
    /T+i
    ∑N
    i=1
    A0i
    T1i
    /T+i
    RRMH
    =
    1 ⋅ 5116/8776 + 0 ⋅ 8730/8776
    0 ⋅ 3650/8776 + 1 ⋅ 36/8776
    *% *%
    = 142
    

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14. ݁Ռͷهࡌʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
    14
    33.)
    13,517
    7,360
    = 1.8
    'PSUIFPOFIPVSQFSJPEBGUFSESJOLJOHDP
    ff
    FF
    

    UIFSBUFSBUJPJT QFSDFOU$*
    
    .BDMVSF.5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHOBNFUIPEGPSTUVEZJOHUSBOTJFOUF
    ff
    FDUTPOUIFSJTLPGBDVUFFWFOUT
    

    "N+&QJEFNJPM+BO
    r
    

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15. Mittleman MA, Lewis RA, Maclure M, Sherwood JB, Muller JE.
    
    
    Triggering myocardial infarction by marijuana. Circulation.
    

    2001 Jun 12;103(23):2805–9.
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯɿ۩ମྫᶄ
    

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16. 16
    .*ൃ঱
    ΞϯΧʔ
    32 େຑͷ࢖༻͸ɺ.*ൃ঱ͷҾ͖ۚʹͳΔ͔ʁ
    ର৅ूஂ .*ൃ঱ͨ͠ਓ
    Ξ΢τΧϜʢΞϯΧʔʣ ৺ے伷࠹ʢ.*.ZPDBSEJBM*OGBSDUJPOʣ
    മ࿐ େຑͷ࢖༻
    য఺ظؒʢ'PDBMXJOEPXʣ .*ൃ঱௚લͷ࣌ؒ
    ࢀরظؒʢ3FGFSFOUXJOEPXʣ աڈ೥ؒʢ.*ൃ঱௚લͷ࣌ؒΛআ͘ʣ
    ղੳ୯Ґ ࣌ؒ
    ϝϞ ΠϯλϏϡʔௐࠪʢ.*ൃ঱ޙɺதԝ஋೔Ͱฉ͖औΓʣ
    য఺ظؒ
    ࢀরظؒ
    ࣌ؒ ʜ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ ࣌ؒ
    ؍࡯ظؒʢ೥ؒʣ
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
    

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17. ౷ܭղੳํ๏ͷهࡌʢ.JUUMFNBOͷྫʣᶃ
    17
    5IFSBUJPPGUIFPCTFSWFEFYQPTVSFGSFRVFODZJOUIFIB[BSEQFSJPEUPUIF
    FYQFDUFEGSFRVFODZ GSPNUIFDPOUSPMJOGPSNBUJPO
    XBTVTFEUPDBMDVMBUF
    FTUJNBUFTPGUIFPEETSBUJPBTBNFBTVSFPGSFMBUJWFSJTL
    .JUUMFNBO." -FXJT3" .BDMVSF. 4IFSXPPE+# .VMMFS+&
    5SJHHFSJOHNZPDBSEJBMJOGBSDUJPOCZNBSJKVBOB$JSDVMBUJPO+VO
    r
    য఺ظؒʢGPDBMXJOEPXʣ
    5IFBOBMZTJTPGDBTFDSPTTPWFSEBUBJTBOBQQMJDBUJPOPGTUBOEBSENFUIPETGPS
    TUSBUJ
    fi
    FEEBUBBOBMZTJT*OUIJTBOBMZTJT UIFTUSBUJGZJOHWBSJBCMFJTUIFJOEJWJEVBM
    QBUJFOU BTJOBDSPTTPWFSFYQFSJNFOU
    
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯͷઆ໌
    
    "TTPDJBUJPONFBTVSFͷઆ໌
    

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18. ౷ܭղੳํ๏ͷهࡌʢ.JUUMFNBOͷྫʣᶄ
    18
    .JUUMFNBO." -FXJT3" .BDMVSF. 4IFSXPPE+# .VMMFS+&
    5SJHHFSJOHNZPDBSEJBMJOGBSDUJPOCZNBSJKVBOB$JSDVMBUJPO+VO
    r
    5IFBNPVOUPGQFSTPOUJNFFYQPTFEUPNBSJKVBOBXBTFTUJNBUFECZNVMUJQMZJOH
    UIFSFQPSUFEVTVBMBOOVBMGSFRVFODZPGFYQPTVSFCZUIFEVSBUJPOPGJUT
    IZQPUIFTJ[FEQIZTJPMPHJDBMF
    ff
    FDU IPVS
    6OFYQPTFEQFSTPOUJNFXBTUIFO
    DBMDVMBUFECZTVCUSBDUJOHUIFFYQPTFEQFSTPOUJNFJOIPVSTGSPNUIFOVNCFSPG
    IPVSTJOBZFBS
    
    ظ଴͞ΕΔয఺ظؒͱࢀরظؒͷઆ໌
    ؍࡯ظؒʢ࣌ؒʣ͔Βظ଴য఺ظؒΛҾ͘
    େຑͷޮՌ͕͋ΒΘΕΔͩΖ͏࣌ؒ
    

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19. ౷ܭղੳํ๏ͷهࡌʢ.JUUMFNBOͷྫʣᶅ
    19
    .JUUMFNBO." -FXJT3" .BDMVSF. 4IFSXPPE+# .VMMFS+&
    5SJHHFSJOHNZPDBSEJBMJOGBSDUJPOCZNBSJKVBOB$JSDVMBUJPO+VO
    r
    5IFEBUBXFSFBOBMZ[FEVTJOHNFUIPETGPSDPIPSUTUVEJFTXJUITQBSTFEBUBJO
    FBDITUSBUVN
    
    ༻ҙͨ͠σʔλͷղੳํ๏ͷઆ໌
    w .BOUFM)BFOT[FMਪఆྔ
    w ৚݅෇͖࠷໬ਪఆྔ
    Λܭࢉ͢Δ
    

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20. ݁Ռͷهࡌʢ.JUUMFNBOͷྫʣ
    20
    .BDMVSF.5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHOBNFUIPEGPSTUVEZJOHUSBOTJFOUF
    ff
    FDUTPOUIFSJTLPGBDVUFFWFOUT
    

    "N+&QJEFNJPM+BO
    r
    
    ױऀഎܠͷཁ໿
    
    େຑͷ࢖༻ස౓
    
    "TTPDJBUJPONFBTVSFͷ݁Ռ
    0OUIFCBTJTPGBDBTFDSPTTPWFSBOBMZTJTUIBUDPOUSPMMFEGPSEJ
    ff
    FSFODFTCFUXFFO
    QBUJFOUT XFGPVOEUIBUXJUIJOIPVSBGUFSTNPLJOHNBSJKVBOB UIFSJTLPGNZPDBSEJBM
    JOGBSDUJPOPOTFUXBTFMFWBUFEGPME DPO
    fi
    EFODFJOUFSWBM UP1
    
    DPNQBSFEXJUIQFSJPETPGOPOVTF
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    fi
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    UP1
    TVHHFTUJOHBSBQJEEFDMJOFJOUIFDBSEJBDF
    ff
    FDUTPGNBSJKVBOB 'JHVSF
    
    

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21. έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯɿ
    ޷·͍͠৚݅ͱԾఆ
    

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22. ޷·͍͠৚݅
    22
    ᶄമ࿐͸ɺஅଓతͰ͋Γɺ૝ఆ͞ΕΔ༠ಋظ͕ؒ୹͍
    ᶃΞ΢τΧϜ͸ɺٸͳൃ঱
    *OEVDUJPOQFSJPE
    Ξ΢τΧϜ
    ൃ঱
    മ࿐
    മ࿐
    ༠ಋظؒ ༠ಋظؒ
    ࣌ؒ
    w )BTIFNJ/B[BSJ44 .BOTPVSOJB."$BTFDSPTTPWFSBOEDBTFUJNFDPOUSPMTUVEJFTDPODFQUT EFTJHO BOEBOBMZTJT+&QJEFNJPM#JPTUBU
    0DU
    r
    w (SFFOMBOE4$POGPVOEJOHBOEFYQPTVSFUSFOETJODBTFDSPTTPWFSBOEDBTFUJNFDPOUSPMEFTJHOT&QJEFNJPMPHZ.BZ
    r
    w -BTI5- 7BOEFS8FFMF5+ )BOFVTF4 3PUINBO,+.PEFSOFQJEFNJPMPHZ GPVSUIFEJUJPO8PMUFST,MVXFS
    

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23. Ծఆ
    23
    ᶃമ࿐ͷ෼෍͕ɺݚڀظؒத͸Ұఆ
    ຖ೔ճҿΉਓ
    ϲ݄ʹճҿΉਓ
    ᶃ`മ࿐֬཰͕ɺΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ʹରͯ͠ɺ৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
    ˠଌఆ͞Εͨɺ࣌ؒมಈͷަབྷҼࢠ͸ௐ੔͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍
    w .JUUMFNBO." .PTUPGTLZ&&YDIBOHFBCJMJUZJOUIFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHO*OU+&QJEFNJPM0DU
    r
    w (SFFOMBOE4$POGPVOEJOHBOEFYQPTVSFUSFOETJODBTFDSPTTPWFSBOEDBTFUJNFDPOUSPMEFTJHOT&QJEFNJPMPHZ.BZ
    r
    w .PTUPGTLZ& $PVMM#" .JUUMFNBO.""OBMZTJTPG0CTFSWBUJPOBM4FMGNBUDIFE%BUBUP&YBNJOF"DVUF5SJHHFSTPG0VUDPNF&WFOUTXJUI
    "CSVQU0OTFU&QJEFNJPMPHZ/PW
    r
    w -BTI5- 7BOEFS8FFMF5+ )BOFVTF4 3PUINBO,+.PEFSOFQJEFNJPMPHZ GPVSUIFEJUJPO8PMUFST,MVXFS
    ˠ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼϞσϧ͕ඞཁ
    

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24. Wang SV, Schneeweiss S, Maclure M, Gagne JJ.
    

    “First-wave” bias when conducting active safety monitoring of
    newly marketed medications
    

    with outcome-indexed self-controlled designs.
    

    Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Sep 15;180(6):636–44.
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯɿ۩ମྫ
    

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25. 25
    .*ൃ঱
    ΞϯΧʔ
    32 ৽نൢച͞ΕͨΞϦϐϓϥκʔϧ
    

    ʢ߅ਫ਼ਆපༀʣͷ෰༻͸ɺ
    

    .*ൃ঱ͷҾ͖ۚʹͳΔ͔ʁ
    ɹࢢൢޙͷ෭࡞༻ௐࠪ
    ର৅ूஂ
    w .*ൃ঱ͨ͠ਓ
    w .*ൃ঱ͷϦεΫ͸͋Δະൃ঱ऀ
    Ξ΢τΧϜ
    ৺ے伷࠹
    

    ʢ.*.ZPDBSEJBM*OGBSDUJPOʣ
    മ࿐ ΞϦϐϓϥκʔϧ෰༻
    য఺ظؒ .*ൃ঱೔ͷલ೔ʢ೔ؒʣ
    ࢀরظؒ .*ൃ঱೔ͷલʙ೔ʢ೔ؒʣ
    ղੳ୯Ґ ਓ
    ϝϞ
    OBUJPOBM.FEJDBJE"OBMZUJDF9USBDU
    อݥͷσʔλʢʙ೥ʣ
    σβΠϯʢ8BOH47ͷྫɿҰ෦ʣ
    
    
    
    
    ৽نൃച
    

    ʢʣ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ʜ
    ʜ
    ܧଓతͳϞχλϦϯά
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    

    View Slide

26. 26
    ɹ݁Ռʢ8BOH47ͷྫɿҰ෦ʣᶃ
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯͰղੳ
    ࢢൢޙ͙͢͸03ߴͯ͘ɺ
    

    ࣌ؒܦͭͱ௿͘ͳΔʁ
    

    View Slide

27. ༀࡎӸֶͰى͜Γ΍͍͢όΠΞε
    27
    ৽نༀࡎ͸ɺമ࿐֬཰͕ҰఆͰ͸ͳ͍
    ࣌ؒ
    ༀࡎͷྲྀ௨ྔ
    
    ఆৗঢ়ଶ
    ༀࡎͷྲྀ௨ྔ͕ఆৗঢ়ଶʹࢸΔ·Ͱ͸ɺ
    

    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯ͔Β
    

    ಘͨਪఆ஋͸όΠΞε͞ΕΔ
    'JSTUXBWFCJBT
    ඇఆৗঢ়ଶ
    

    View Slide

28. 28
    ूஂϨϕϧͷമ࿐܏޲͕มΘΔͱ͖ɺͲ͏͢Δ͔ʁ
    έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
    $BTFUJNFDPOUSPMEFTJHO
    ඇఆৗঢ়ଶ
    

    View Slide

29. έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
    

    View Slide

30. 30
    .*ൃ঱
    ΞϯΧʔ
    32 ৽نൢച͞ΕͨΞϦϐϓϥκʔϧ
    

    ʢ߅ਫ਼ਆපༀʣͷ෰༻͸ɺ
    

    .*ൃ঱ͷҾ͖ۚʹͳΔ͔ʁ
    ɹࢢൢޙͷ෭࡞༻ௐࠪ
    ର৅ूஂ
    w .*ൃ঱ͨ͠ਓ
    w .*ൃ঱ͷϦεΫ͸͋Δະൃ঱ऀ
    Ξ΢τΧϜ
    ৺ے伷࠹
    

    ʢ.*.ZPDBSEJBM*OGBSDUJPOʣ
    മ࿐ ΞϦϐϓϥκʔϧ෰༻
    য఺ظؒ .*ൃ঱೔ͷલ೔ʢ೔ؒʣ
    ࢀরظؒ .*ൃ঱೔ͷલʙ೔ʢ೔ؒʣ
    ղੳ୯Ґ ਓ
    ϝϞ
    OBUJPOBM.FEJDBJE"OBMZUJDF9USBDU
    อݥͷσʔλʢʙ೥ʣ
    σβΠϯʢ8BOH47ͷྫɿҰ෦ʣ
    
    
    
    
    ৽نൃച
    

    ʢʣ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ճ໨ௐࠪ
    ʜ
    ʜ
    ܧଓతͳϞχλϦϯά
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    

    View Slide

31. 31
    .*ൃ঱
    ΞϯΧʔ
    έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯʢ8BOH47ͷྫʣ
    
    
    
    
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    έʔε
    
    
    
    
    ίϯτϩʔϧ
    ONBUDI
    w ೥ྸɺੑผͰέʔεͱϚονϯά
    w Ϛονϯάର৅ͷέʔεͷΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱೔ʢج४೔ʣʹ.*ͷϦεΫ͕͋Δ
    w ج४೔͔Β೔Ҏ্લ͔ΒҩྍอݥʹՃೖ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w য఺ظؒͱࢀরظؒ͸ɺϚονϯάͨ͠έʔεͱἧ͑Δ
    ORCCO(cases)
    ORCCO(controls)
    മ࿐ޙͷ
    

    Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱ͷΦοζൺ
    ࢀরظؒʹର͢Δ
    

    য఺ظؒͷമ࿐Φοζൺ
    മ࿐֬཰্͕͕Δ
    മ࿐֬཰͕Լ͕Δ
    ௐ੔
    ORCCO(cases)
    ORCCO(controlss)
    ΞϦϐϓϥκʔϧ
    ΞϦϐϓϥκʔϧ
    ج४೔
    

    View Slide

32. 32
    ɹ݁Ռʢ8BOH47ͷྫɿҰ෦ʣᶄ
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    ࣌ؒΛ௨ͯ͠OVMM
    

    View Slide

33. ౷ܭղੳํ๏ͷهࡌʢ8BOH47ͷྫʣᶃ
    33
    'PSFBDIFYBNQMF XFDPOEVDUFEDBTFDSPTTPWFSTUVEJFTUIBUDPNQBSFEUIF
    FYQPTVSFPEETEVSJOHBOJOEFYXJOEPXPGEBZTQSJPSUPUIFEBUFPG
    PVUDPNFUPUIFFYQPTVSFPEETEVSJOHBSFGFSFODFXJOEPXPGrEBZT
    QSJPSUPUIFEBUFPGUIFPVUDPNF
    1BUJFOUTXFSFJODMVEFEJGUIFZFYQFSJFODFEUIFFWFOUPGJOUFSFTUGPMMPXJOHB
    XBTIPVUQFSJPEPGBUMFBTUEBZTEVSJOHXIJDIUIFQBUJFOUTXFSF
    FOSPMMFEJOUIFIFBMUIDBSFQMBOBOEEJEOPUIBWFUIFPVUDPNFPGJOUFSFTU B
    EBZHBQJOFOSPMMNFOUXBTBMMPXFE
    ʙ8FUIFOEF
    fi
    OFEBOJOEJWJEVBMBT
    FYQPTFEEVSJOHUIFJOEFYPSSFGFSFODFXJOEPXJGUIFSFXFSF BUNJOJNVN
    EBZTTVQQMZPGNFEJDBUJPOBWBJMBCMFEVSJOHUIBUUJNFXJOEPX
    
    έʔεɾΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯͷઆ໌
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    w "TTPDJBUJPONFBTVSF
    w য఺ظؒͱࢀরظؒ
    w য఺ظؒͱࢀরظؒͷଥ౰ੑ
    

    View Slide

34. ౷ܭղੳํ๏ͷهࡌʢ8BOH47ͷྫʣᶄ
    34
    'PSFBDIFYBNQMF XFVTFEOWBSJBCMFSBUJPNBUDIJOHPGDBTFTUPTBNQMFT
    PGQFSTPOUJNFBNPOHDPOUSPMT*OEJWJEVBMTXFSFFMJHJCMFBTDPOUSPMTGPSB
    DBTFJGUIFZXFSFBUSJTLGPSUIFPVUDPNFPOUIFDBTFTJOEFYEBUFBOEXFSF
    FOSPMMFEJOUIFIFBMUIQMBOGPSBUMFBTUEBZTQSJPSUPUIFJOEFYEBUF B
    EBZHBQJOFOSPMMNFOUXBTBMMPXFE
    5IFTBNQMFEDPOUSPMQFSTPOUJNF
    XBTNBUDIFEUPUIFDBTFPOBHF TBNFZFBSPGCJSUI
    DBMFOEBSUJNF TBNF
    JOEFYEBUF
    BOETFY5IFEF
    fi
    OJUJPOTPGJOEFYXJOEPXT SFGFSFODFXJOEPXT
    BOEFYQPTVSFTXFSFUIFTBNFGPSDBTFTBOENBUDIFEDPOUSPMQFSTPOUJNF
    
    έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯͷઆ໌
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    w OϚονϯά
    w ίϯτϩʔϧͷ
    

    য఺ظؒͱࢀরظؒ
    w ίϯτϩʔϧͷద֨ج४
    w Ϛονϯάม਺
    
    ܧଓతϞχλϦϯάͷઆ໌
    

    View Slide

35. ౷ܭղੳํ๏ͷهࡌʢ8BOH47ͷྫʣᶅ
    35
    5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSQBSBNFUFSPGJOUFSFTUJTUIFFYQPTVSFPEETSBUJP &03
    
    GPSUIFOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOEVSJOHUIFJOEFYQFSJPEWFSTVTUIF
    SFGFSFODFQFSJPE5IFQBSBNFUFSPGJOUFSFTUGPSUIFDBTFUJNFDPOUSPM
    FTUJNBUFJTUIF&03GPSUIFOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOBNPOHDBTFTBGUFS
    BEKVTUNFOUGPSUIF&03GPSUIFOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOBNPOH
    NBUDIFEDPOUSPMQFSTPOUJNF
    
    &TUJNBOEͷઆ໌
    8BOH47 4DIOFFXFJTT4 .BDMVSF. (BHOF++ɹl'JSTUXBWFzCJBTXIFODPOEVDUJOHBDUJWFTBGFUZNPOJUPSJOHPGOFXMZNBSLFUFENFEJDBUJPOT
    

    XJUIPVUDPNFJOEFYFETFMGDPOUSPMMFEEFTJHOT"N+&QJEFNJPM4FQ
    r
    w έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔͷ
    

    &TUJNBOE
    w έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧͷ
    

    &TUJNBOE
    ORCCO(cases)
    ORCCO(controlss)
    

    View Slide

36. 36
    έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯͷ՝୊
    έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
    $BTFDBTFUJNFDPOUSPMEFTJHO
    w έʔεͷσʔλ͔͠ͳ͍
    w Ϛονϯάͯ͠΋ɺέʔεͱίϯτϩʔϧͰഎܠ৘ใͷͣΕ͸͋Δ
    

    View Slide

37. έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
    

    View Slide

38. 38
    32
    ߅ਫ਼ਆපༀͷ෰༻͸ɺ
    

    ڏ݂ੑ೴ଔதൃ঱ͷҾ͖ۚʹͳΔ͔ʁ
    ର৅ूஂ ڏ݂ੑ೴ଔத͕ൃ঱ͨ͠ਓ
    Ξ΢τΧϜ ڏ݂ੑ೴ଔத
    മ࿐ ߅ਫ਼ਆපༀ෰༻
    য఺ظؒ ڏ݂ੑ೴ଔதൃ঱೔ͷલ೔ʢ೔ؒʣ
    ࢀরظؒ ڏ݂ੑ೴ଔதൃ঱೔ͷલʙ೔ʢ೔ؒʣ
    ղੳ୯Ґ ਓ
    ϝϞ ୀ໾܉ਓ݈߁ிͷσʔλʢʙ೥ʣ
    έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯʢ8BOH4ͷྫɿҰ෦ʣᶃ
    8BOH4 -JOLMFUUFS$ %PSF% .PS7 #VLB4 .BDMVSF."HF BOUJQTZDIPUJDT BOEUIFSJTLPGJTDIFNJDTUSPLFJOUIF7FUFSBOT)FBMUI
    "ENJOJTUSBUJPO4USPLF+BO
    r
    

    View Slide

39. 39
    ڏ݂ੑ೴ଔதൃ঱
    ΞϯΧʔ
    έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯʢ8BOH4ͷྫʣᶄ
    
    
    
    
    έʔε
    
    
    
    
    ORCCO(cases)
    ORCCO(controls)
    മ࿐ޙͷ
    

    Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱ͷΦοζൺ
    ࢀরظؒʹର͢Δ
    

    য఺ظؒͷമ࿐Φοζൺ
    ௐ੔
    ORCCO(cases)
    ORCCO(controlss)
    ߅ਫ਼ਆපༀ
    ߅ਫ਼ਆපༀͰͳ͍ॲํༀ
    ؔ৺ͷ͋Δༀࡎͷമ࿐܏޲ͱ
    ଞͷίϯτϩʔϧͱ͢Δༀࡎͷമ࿐܏޲͕ಉ͡
    Ծఆ
    8BOH4 -JOLMFUUFS$ %PSF% .PS7 #VLB4 .BDMVSF."HF BOUJQTZDIPUJDT BOEUIFSJTLPGJTDIFNJDTUSPLFJOUIF7FUFSBOT)FBMUI
    "ENJOJTUSBUJPO4USPLF+BO
    r
    w 03͸৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ෼ੳͰਪఆ
    w $*͸ϒʔτετϥοϓ๏Ͱਪఆ
    

    View Slide

40. 40
    ɹ݁Ռʢ8BOH4ͷྫɿҰ෦ʣ
    8BOH4 -JOLMFUUFS$ %PSF% .PS7 #VLB4 .BDMVSF."HF
    BOUJQTZDIPUJDT BOEUIFSJTLPGJTDIFNJDTUSPLFJOUIF7FUFSBOT)FBMUI
    "ENJOJTUSBUJPO4USPLF+BO
    r
    8FQSFTFOUFTUJNBUFTGPSUIFTUSFOHUIPGUIFSFMBUJPOTIJQCFUXFFO
    FYQPTVSFUPBOUJQTZDIPUJDTBOETUSPLFBGUFSBEKVTUJOHGPSUIFF
    ff
    FDUPG
    UJNFJOWBSJBOUXJUIJOQFSTPODPOGPVOEFSTBTXFMMBTFYQPTVSFUJNF
    USFOET5IFPEETPGTUSPLFXFSF $* r
    UJNFTHSFBUFS
    XIFOFYQPTFEUPBOUJQTZDIPUJDTGPSBUMFBTUPGUIFMBTUEBZTUIBO
    XIFOUIFSFXFSFEBZTPGBOUJQTZDIPUJDFYQPTVSFXJUIJOEBZT"HF
    TUSBUJ
    fi
    FEFTUJNBUFTTVHHFTUBHSFBUFSUSJHHFSJOHF
    ff
    FDUPGBOUJQTZDIPUJDT
    POTUSPLFXJUIJODSFBTJOHBHF
    w ࣌ؒෆมͷަབྷҼࢠͱ
    

    മ࿐܏޲Λௐ੔ͨ͠ਪఆ
    w ͢΂ͯͷݚڀର৅ʹର͢Δਪఆ
    w ೥ྸ૚͝ͱʹਪఆɿޮՌम০ͷ֬ೝ
    

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41. σβΠϯͷ·ͱΊ
    41
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔ έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧ έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧ
    ࢖༻͢Δ
    ৘ใ
    έʔεʢΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷΈʣ
    w έʔεʢΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫʣ
    w ίϯτϩʔϧ
    

    ʢΞ΢τΧϜඇൃ঱ྫʣ
    έʔεʢΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷΈʣ
    ղੳํ๏
    w .BOUFM)BFOT[FMਪఆ
    w ৚݅෇͖ϙΞιϯճؼ
    w ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ
    w Ϛονϯά
    w ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ
    ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ
    Ծఆ
    w മ࿐܏޲͕Ұఆ
    w മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱͕৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
    w έʔεͱ
    

    ίϯτϩʔϧͷമ࿐܏޲͕ಉ͡
    w മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱͕৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
    w έʔεͱରԠ͢Δέʔε಺ͷ
    

    ίϯτʔϧͷമ࿐܏޲͕ಉ͡
    w മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱͕৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
    ௕ॴ Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷ৘ใͷΈͰྑ͍ മ࿐܏޲Λௐ੔Ͱ͖Δ
    w മ࿐܏޲Λௐ੔Ͱ͖Δ
    w Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷ৘ใͷΈͰྑ͍
    ୹ॴ മ࿐܏޲͕ఆৗঢ়ଶͰͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ద੾ͳίϯτϩʔϧͷ৘ใ͕ඞཁ
    ద੾ͳέʔε಺ͷίϯτʔϧͷ৘ใ͕ඞ
    ཁ
    

    View Slide

42. έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯɿ
    σʔλͷܗͱ3Λ࢖ͬͨ౷ܭղੳ
    

    View Slide

43. ࢝఺ͱͳΔղੳ༻σʔλʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
    43
    *% .*ൃ঱લͷ࠷ޙͷ
    

    ίʔώʔઁऔ
    ίʔώʔͷઁऔස౓ ࠷ޙͷമ࿐͕
    

    য఺ظؒ
    ࠷ޙͷമ࿐͕
    ࢀরظؒ
    ظ଴͞ΕΔ
    য఺ظؒ
    ظ଴͞ΕΔ
    ࢀরظؒ
    ݚڀظؒ
    JE
    MBTU@FY@UJNF
    GSFR@FY
    GSFR@FY@VOJU
    GPDBM@FY
    SFG@FY
    5@GPDBM
    5@SFG
    5
    
    IPVST EBZ E
    NJOVUFT EBZ E
    IPVST NPOUI N
    IPVST EBZ E
    IPVST EBZ E
    IPVST NPOUI N
    IPVST EBZ E
    IPVST EBZ E
    IPVST EBZ E
    IPVST EBZ E
    .BDMVSF.5IFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHOBNFUIPEGPSTUVEZJOHUSBOTJFOUF
    ff
    FDUTPOUIFSJTLPGBDVUFFWFOUT
    

    "N+&QJEFNJPM+BO
    r
    ೖྗ ೖྗ ೖྗ ܭࢉ ೖྗ
    

    View Slide

44. ऴ఺ͱͳΔղੳ༻σʔλʢ.BDMVSFͷྫʣ
    44
    *% য఺ظؒ
    PSࢀরظؒ
    Ξ΢τΧϜͷൃ঱
    JE
    FYQPTVSF
    DBTF
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    ᶃ*%͝ͱͷFYQPTVSF
    ͕ରԠ͢Δظؒͷ਺͚ͩߦ͕͋Δ
    ߦ
    ߦ
    ߦ
    ߦ
    ᶄDBTFʹ͸ɺ·ͣ͢΂ͯΛೖΕΔ
    ᶅ֤JEɺ֤FYQPTVSFͷߦ໨ͷΈ
    

    ֤ظؒͷമ࿐ͷ༗ແʹରԠ͢ΔΑ͏ʹDBTFʹΛೖΕΔ
    Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱͸ɺJE͝ͱʹճͷΈ͔ͩΒ
    ߦ
    ߦ
    

    View Slide

45. ղੳ༻σʔλ࡞੒ίʔυᶃ
    45
    
    ४උ
    
    σʔλೖྗ
    

    View Slide

46. ղੳ༻σʔλ࡞੒ίʔυᶄ
    46
    
    ੨͍෦෼ͷܭࢉ
    

    View Slide

47. ղੳ༻σʔλ࡞੒ίʔυᶅ
    47
    
    ऴ఺σʔληοτΛ࡞੒
    ᶃ*%͝ͱͷFYQPTVSF
    ͕ରԠ͢Δظؒͷ਺͚ͩߦ͕͋Δ
    ᶄDBTFʹ͸ɺ·ͣ͢΂ͯΛೖΕΔ
    ᶅ֤JEɺ֤FYQPTVSFͷߦ໨ͷΈ
    

    ֤ظؒͷമ࿐ͷ༗ແʹରԠ͢ΔΑ͏ʹDBTFʹΛೖΕΔ
    

    View Slide

48. ౷ܭղੳίʔυ
    48
    

    View Slide

49. έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯɿ
    σʔλͷܗͱ3Λ࢖ͬͨ౷ܭղੳ
    ࣗ৴͕ͳ͍ͷͰɺޙ΄Ͳ഑෍౳͍ͤͯͩ͘͞͞
    

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50. ֶश͢ΔͨΊͷಓඪᶃɹʢ˒͸ಛʹ͓͢͢Ίʣ
    50
    
    ֓؍Λ͔ͭΉʢೖ໳ʣ
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    +VO
    rɹʲༀࡎӸֶͷཱ৔͔Βͷ·ͱΊʳ
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    rɹʲํ๏࿦ͷ·ͱΊͱͯ͠Θ͔Γ΍͘͢ஸೡɻ؆୯͕ͩ਺ࣜ΋σʔλͷܗ΋ࡌͬ
    ͍ͯΔɻͨͩ͜͠ͷ··Ͱ͸ղੳͰ͖ͳ͍ʳ
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51. ֶश͢ΔͨΊͷಓඪᶄ
    51
    
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯ
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    ͜Ζϛε͕͋ΔͷͰ஫ҙʳ
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    w .JUUMFNBO." .PTUPGTLZ&&YDIBOHFBCJMJUZJOUIFDBTFDSPTTPWFSEFTJHO*OU+&QJEFNJPM0DU
    rɹ
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    ɹʲ3Λ࢖ͬͨղੳ
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52. ֶश͢ΔͨΊͷಓඪᶅ
    52
    
    έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
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    rɹ
    ʲέʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔͷऑΈΛཧղ্ͨ͠ͰɺέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯͷϞνϕʔγϣϯ͕෼͔Δ۩ମྫɻʳ
    w 4VJTTB45IFDBTFUJNFDPOUSPMEFTJHO&QJEFNJPMPHZ.BZ
    rɹʲέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯͷى
    ݯͱͳΔ࿦จʳ
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    rɹ
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    έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯ
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    rɹʲέʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧσβΠϯͷى
    ݯͱͳΔ࿦จʳ
    

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53. ͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ɻ
    53
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔ έʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧ έʔεɾέʔελΠϜίϯτϩʔϧ
    ࢖༻͢Δ
    ৘ใ
    έʔεʢΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷΈʣ
    w έʔεʢΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫʣ
    w ίϯτϩʔϧ
    

    ʢΞ΢τΧϜඇൃ঱ྫʣ
    έʔεʢΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷΈʣ
    ղੳํ๏
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    w ৚݅෇͖ϙΞιϯճؼ
    w ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ
    w Ϛονϯά
    w ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ
    ৚݅෇͖ϩδεςΟοΫճؼ
    Ծఆ
    w മ࿐܏޲͕Ұఆ
    w മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱͕৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
    w έʔεͱ
    

    ίϯτϩʔϧͷമ࿐܏޲͕ಉ͡
    w മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱͕৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
    w έʔεͱରԠ͢Δέʔε಺ͷ
    

    ίϯτʔϧͷമ࿐܏޲͕ಉ͡
    w മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜൃ঱͕৚݅෇͖ಠཱ
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    w മ࿐܏޲Λௐ੔Ͱ͖Δ
    w Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱ྫͷ৘ใͷΈͰྑ͍
    ୹ॴ മ࿐܏޲͕ఆৗঢ়ଶͰͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ద੾ͳίϯτϩʔϧͷ৘ใ͕ඞཁ
    ద੾ͳέʔε಺ͷίϯτʔϧͷ৘ใ͕ඞ
    ཁ
    

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54. ͓·͚
    έʔεΫϩεΦʔόʔσβΠϯɿ
    όΠΞε
    

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55. ަབྷ
    55
    ੑަব େຑ ৺ے伷࠹
    ަབྷҼࢠ മ࿐ม਺ Ξ΢τΧϜ
    ᄶଉ૿ѱ ᄶଉͷༀ ࢮ๢
    ަབྷҼࢠ മ࿐ม਺ Ξ΢τΧϜ
    w .PTUPGTLZ& $PVMM#" .JUUMFNBO.""OBMZTJTPG0CTFSWBUJPOBM4FMGNBUDIFE%BUBUP&YBNJOF"DVUF5SJHHFSTPG0VUDPNF&WFOUTXJUI
    "CSVQU0OTFU&QJEFNJPMPHZ/PW
    r
    ᄶଉ૿ѱ ӡಈ ৺ے伷࠹
    ަབྷҼࢠ മ࿐ม਺ Ξ΢τΧϜ
    ੑަব͸େຑͷ࢖༻Λଅ͠ɺ
    ৺ے伷࠹ͷϦεΫΛߴΊΔ͔΋͠Εͳ͍
    ᄶଉ૿ѱ͸ༀͷ࢖༻Λଅ͠ɺ
    ࢮ๢ͷϦεΫΛߴΊΔ͔΋͠Εͳ͍
    ᄶଉ૿ѱ͸ӡಈͷ཈੍ʹಇ͖ɺ
    ৺ے伷࠹ͷϦεΫΛߴΊΔ͔΋͠Εͳ͍
    

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56. ߹ྲྀ఺όΠΞε
    56
    ҧ๏ༀ෺
    

    ࢖༻
    ৺ے伷࠹ ࢀՃऀ
    മ࿐ม਺ Ξ΢τΧϜ
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    "CSVQU0OTFU&QJEFNJPMPHZ/PW
    r
    બ୒
    w ҧ๏ༀ෺࢖༻͸ݴ͍ʹ͍͘ͷͰࢀՃऀ͸ߜΒΕΔ
    w ৺ے伷࠹ͷױऀ͔͠ࢀՃ͠ͳ͍
    ӡಈ ৺ے伷࠹ ੜଘ
    മ࿐ม਺ Ξ΢τΧϜ બ୒
    w ӡಈ͢Δਓ͸ɺ͠ͳ͍ਓΑΓࢮ๢֬཰͸௿͍
    w ৺ے伷࠹Λܦݧ͠ੜଘͨ͠ױऀ͔͠ࢀՃ͠ͳ͍
    

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57. മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜͷ࣌ؒτϨϯυͱόΠΞεᶃ
    57
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    "CSVQU0OTFU&QJEFNJPMPHZ/PW
    r
    ࣌ؒ େຑ ৺ے伷࠹ ࢀরظؒ
    w മ࿐֬཰͕࣌ؒͰมಈ͢Δ৔߹ɺ
    w ࣌ؒ͸େຑͷ࢖༻ʹӨڹ
    w ৺ے伷࠹ൃ঱ྫͷࢀরظؒΛબ୒
    w બ୒͞Εͨࢀরظؒ͸࣌ؒʹΑͬͯ
    

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    w ߹ྲྀ఺όΠΞεͷൃੜ
    ࣌ؒ ௟௧ༀ ৺ے伷࠹ ࢀরظؒ
    w മ࿐֬཰͕࣌ؒͰมಈͤͣɺ
    

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    w ॲํᝦͷ͍Βͳ͍௟௧ༀͷ࢖༻֬཰͸҆ఆ͠
    ͍ͯΔ
    w ͕࣌ؒܦͯ͹ܦͭ΄Ͳɺ.*ͷϦεΫ͸্͕Δ
    w ৺ے伷࠹ൃ঱ྫͷࢀরظؒΛબ୒
    w ަབྷ΋߹ྲྀ఺όΠΞε΋ൃੜͤͣ
    

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58. മ࿐ͱΞ΢τΧϜͷ࣌ؒτϨϯυͱόΠΞεᶄ
    58
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    r
    ࣌ؒ ίʔώʔ ৺ے伷࠹ ࢀরظؒ
    w മ࿐֬཰΋Ξ΢τΧϜൃ঱֬཰΋
    

    ࣌ؒʹΑΓมಈ͢Δ
    w .*ͷ֓೔पظͷϐʔΫ͸ே
    w ίʔώʔ΋ேଟ͘ҿΉ܏޲͕͋Δ
    w ࢀরظؒ͸ɺίʔώʔઁऔ֬཰͕௿͍͔΋͠
    Εͳ͍
    w ަབྷ΋߹ྲྀ఺όΠΞε΋ൃੜ
    

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