Introduction to Docker

Introduction to docker with examples.

Presented to the STL Docker meetup.

Transcript

1. INTRODUCTION TO DOCKER ST. LOUIS DOCKER MEETUP ! JANUARY 8, 2013 Steven Borrelli steve@borrelli.org @stevendborrelli {github, twitter}
2. STL Machine Learning ! ! Anupam Basu: Visualizing Shakespeare ! Wednesday, January 22, 2014 Jeremy Kohler: Using GIS in Investigative Reporting Tuesday, February 18, 2014 Jeff Heaton: Neural Networks Wednesday March 19, 2014
3. THE HYPE
4. DOCKER HISTORY A dotCloud (PAAS provider) project
 Initial commit January 18, 2013 Docker 0.1.0 released March 25, 2013 
 
 8,800+ github stars, 1,200+ forks
5. WHAT IS DOCKER? ! “Docker is an open-source project to easily create lightweight, portable, self-sufficient containers from any application.”
6. LIGHTWEIGHT ! Based on Linux containers Minimal overhead (cpu/io/network) Uses layered filesystem to save space (AUFS/LVM) Uses a copy-on-write filesystem to track changes
7. PORTABLE A Docker container will run on any Linux system that supports LXC. Raspberry pi support. Future plans to support other container tools 
 (lmctfy, etc.) Possible future support for other operating systems (Solaris, OSX, Windows?)
8. SELF-SUFFICIENT A Docker container contains everything it needs to run: ! Minimal Base OS Libraries and frameworks Application code ! A docker container should be able to run anywhere that Docker can run.
9. LINUX KERNEL LAYER FS CGROUPS NAMESPACES LXC DOCKER DOCKER ARCHITECTURE
10. HISTORY OF VIRTUALIZATION IBM 360 (1968)
11. VIRTUALIZATION http://www.vmware.com/virtualization/virtualization-basics/how-virtualization-works.html
12. HARDWARE VIRTUALIZATION 1966-1972 IBM CP/CMS 1989 Insignia SoftPC 1997 Connectix VirtualPC 1999 VMWare Workstation 2001 IBM AIX LPAR 2002 Xen 2006 Amazon EC2 2007 Sun Logical Domains 2007 Linux KVM 2007 InnoTek VirtualBox 2008 Microsoft Hyper-V
13. Glauber Costa/LinuxCon 2012 “I once heard that hypervisors are the living proof of operating system's incompetence.”
14. CONTAINERS http://www.docker.io/the_whole_story/
15. PROCESS VIRTUALIZATION 1979-1982 UNIX Chroot 1998 FreeBSD Jail 2001 Parallels Virtuozzo 2001 Linux-VServer 2005 Solaris Zones 2005 OpenVZ 2008 Linux LXC 2007+ PAAS: Heroku, Joyent, CloudFoundry 2013 Docker
16. RUNNING DOCKER
17. PULLING AN IMAGE
18. STARTING A CONTAINER Mapping host volumes to a container
19. MAPPING PORTS Example: run Zookeeper + Exhibitor Host ports will be dynamically allocated by docker Port 2181 on host will be mapped to 2181 on container
20. LXC UNDER THE HOOD
21. COMMITTING CHANGES Commit changes to a new image Run the new container Make changes to a running container
22. EXAMPLE: INSTALL NODE.JS
23. IMAGES ARE A GRAPH
24. IMMUTABLE SERVERS Physical server lifetime is measured in years. A container's lifetime can only be a few seconds. Treat containers like a build artifact. If you need to make changes, build a new container.
25. DOCKERFILES AUTOMATING BUILDS
26. DOCKERFILES AUTOMATING BUILDS
27. BUILDING AND RUNNING Build node container and and app container Run your app, and get the port: https://github.com/stevendborrelli/docker-meetup
28. BUILDING AND RUNNING Stop/Start your container
29. SUMMARY Easy to build, run & share containers Rapidly expanding ecosystem Better performance vs. VMs Layered filesystem gives us git-like control of images. Reduces complexity of system builds
30. THE FUTURE IS EXCITING Lean base operating systems optimized for containers
31. THE FUTURE IS EXCITING New operational models: Automated routing Distributed consensus (Paxos, Raft) Service Discovery Software Defined Networking Distributed scheduling (Mesos)
32. Q&A