経路動詞の意味とフレーム意味論

ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷҙຯͱϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ ਆށେֶݚڀһ ৿Լ༟ࡾ ӳจֶձୈճେձˏژ౎େֶ γϯϙδ΢Ϝɿ༷ଶಈࢺͱ݁Ռಈࢺ ೥݄೔ʢ౔ʣ

͸͡Ίʹ ໰୊ͷഎܠ Ὂӳޠͷܦ࿏ಈࢺ(e.g., enter, cross, leave) ͱҠಈ༷ଶͷؔ܎ ɹ⾣Talmy (1985; 2000)
(1) a. When the naval rigid airship R34 crossed the Atlantic successfully […]. (BNC-GTA) b. When his old ship reached the Aegean […]. (BNC-A7L) ὊϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦(e.g., Fillmore 1977; 1982, ࠇాɾதຊɾ໺ᖒ2006) cf.ڞ߹੒(Pustejovsky 1991, খ໺2005) 1 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

͸͡Ίʹ ໰୊ͷഎܠ ὊLevin and Rappaport Hovav (2013) ΁ͷࣔࠦ ɹ⾣ҟͳΔཧ࿦Ͱͷ෼ੳΛఏࣔ
ɹ⾣ࠓޙͷϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ͷ͋ΓํΛ໛ࡧ ɹ 2 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

͸͡Ίʹ ຊൃදͷߏ੒ ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ 3 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡Ίʹ⾣Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ Talmy (2000; cf. 1985) ʹΑΔҠಈࣄ৅ͷ෼ੳ ὊMotionEventɹɹɹɹɹὊCo-Event ⾣FigureʢҠಈ෺ʣɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ⾣Mannerʢ༷ଶʣ ⾣GroundʢҠಈͷج४෺ʣɹɹɹɹ⾣Causeʢ࢖໾ʣ ⾣MotionʢҠಈʣɹetc.
⾣Pathʢܦ࿏ʣ (2) She ambled down roads and along paths […]. (BNC-AEA) 4 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ Talmy (2000; cf. 1985) ʹΑΔҠಈࣄ৅ͷ෼ੳ ὊMotionEventɹɹɹɹɹὊCo-Event ⾣FigureʢҠಈ෺ʣɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ⾣Mannerʢ༷ଶʣ ⾣GroundʢҠಈͷج४෺ʣɹɹɹɹ⾣Causeʢ࢖໾ʣ ⾣MotionʢҠಈʣɹetc.
⾣Pathʢܦ࿏ʣ (3) One of 25,000 Cubans who entered the US […]. (BNC-CJX) 5 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ༷ଶͱ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑͱͷؔ܎ʢLevin and Rappaport Hovav 2013ʣ  ʢsee also Demizu 2015:
3.4.2ʣ (4) amble, plod, etc. [ x ACT <MANNER>]   (Rappaport Hovav and Levin 1998: 108–109, 2010: 24) (5) reach, arrive, etc. [ BECOME [ x <STATE> ] (Demizu 2015: 93–94) ɹ 6 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ໰୊ఏى (6) a. She left the building in a
dream. (BNC-HGM) b. On that day a plane left Baghdad for London […]. (BNC-BM6) (7) a. She walked out of the building. b. On that day a plane ﬂew from Baghdad. Ὂ (6) ͸ (7) ͷΑ͏ʹݴ͍׵͑Մೳ ▶︎ Figure ΍ Ground ʹΑͬͯҠಈͷ༷ଶ͸ਪଌՄೳ 7 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦⾣ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ Proﬁle or Background Frame? (Goldberg 2010) Ὂ ಈࢺ climb
͸༷ଶͱ݁ՌΛͱ΋ʹޠኮԽ͍ͯ͠Δ ɹ (8) Kelly climbed the tree. (Rappaport Hovav and Leven 2010: 8) ɹ ▶︎ ໨తޠͷੑ࣭ʹΑΔͷͰ͋ͬͯޠኮԽ͍ͯ͠ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ 8 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ੜ੒ޠኮҙຯ࿦ʢPustejovsky 1991; 1996: 122–127, খ໺ 2005: 2.3.1ʣ Ὂ ڞ߹੒
(co-composition) ɹ ▶︎ ಈࢺͷิޠ͕৘ใΛิ଍͢Δ͜ͱͰಈࢺͷଟٛੑΛઆ໌ (9) a. The bottle is floating in the river. b. The bottle floated under the bridge. ▶︎ ಈࢺ۟ floating under the bridge શମͰҠಈͷҙຯ͕ղऍՄೳ Ὂ ಈࢺ۟಺ͷ৘ใͷΈͰྑ͍ͷ͔ʁ 9 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ʢe.g., Fillmore 1977ʣ Ὂ ޠͷҙຯΛཧղ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ϑϨʔϜΛཧղ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ɹ ▶︎ wink, crawl,
sneeze, yawn ͳͲͷҙຯ͸ਓମͷ஌͕ࣝඞཁ ɹ ɹ(10) to move along on your hands and knees with your body close  to the ground. (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) 10 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ʢe.g., Fillmore 1977ʣ Ὂ ඞͣ͠΋ਓؒͷಈ࡞ͩͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍ ɹ ɹ(11) if a
vehicle crawls, it moves forward very slowly.  (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) 11 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ෳ૚ҙຯϑϨʔϜ෼ੳʢࠇాɾதຊɾ໺ᖒ 2006ʣ Ὂ ෳ਺ͷҙຯϑϨʔϜͷ૊Έ߹Θ͕ͤจશମͷཧղʹඞཁ ɹ ▶︎ ಈࢺͱಠ໊ཱͯ͠ࢺ͕ݻ༗ͷϑϨʔϜΛשى ɹ Ὂ
ܦ࿏ಈࢺ͸ DEPARTING, TRAVERSING, ARRIVING Λשى ɹ Ὂ Figure ͱ Ground ͷ໊ࢺ͕ಠཱͯ͠ݻ༗ͷϑϨʔϜΛשى ɹ Ὂ ಈࢺ͕שى͢ΔϑϨʔϜͱ໊ࢺͷҙຯ໾ׂͷॏͶ߹Θͤ 12 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ ౷ܭతͳඪຊநग़ ɹ
▶︎ BNC ͔Β֤༻ྫΛ 374 ྫ ɹ Ὂ ܦ࿏ಈࢺ͸ DEPARTING, TRAVERSING, ARRIVING Λשى ɹ ▶︎ ARRIVING ϑϨʔϜΛשى͢ΔಈࢺΛؚΉ༻ྫ͕ର৅ 13 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ FrameNet (see also Fillmore et al 2003) Ὂ ܦ࿏ಈࢺʹשى͞ΕΔ
ARRIVNG ʹؔΘΔϑϨʔϜཁૉ Theme: Theme is the object that moves. It may be an entity that moves under  its own power, but it need not be. Goal: Goal is any expression that tells where the Theme ends up, or would end up, as a result of the motion. 14 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ FrameNet (see also Fillmore et al 2003) Ὂ ARRIVING
Arriving Deﬁnition: An Object Theme moves in the direction of a Goal. (12) a. Some students arrived at the school on Sunday. b. We arrived in Paris before midnight. 15 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ ARRIVING ▶︎
arriveɹ෺ཧతͳҠಈΛද͢༻ྫ͸ 253 ྫ (67.6%) ɹɹɹɹɹɹTheme 204 ྫ͕ʪਓʫ (80.6%) Ground 44 ྫ͕ʪࠃɾ౎ࢢʫ (44%) ɹ ▶︎ enterɹ ෺ཧతͳҠಈΛද͢ͷ͸ 73 ྫ (19.5%) ɹɹɹɹɹɹ Theme 61 ྫ͕ʪਓʫ (83.6%) ɹɹɹɹɹɹ Ground 33 ྫ͕ʪݐ෺ɾ෦԰ʫ (49.3%) 16 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ arrive (13)
a. 1856 the ﬁrst US consul, Townsend Harris, arrived in Japan. […] (BNC-EE2) ɹ b. Douglas Hurd arrived in Kenya on Sept. 11. (BNC-HLB) ɹ⾣ʪਓʫ͕૝ى͠͏ΔϑϨʔϜ ɹɹ BIOLOGICAL_ENTITY, MOTION, WORK… ɹ⾣ʪࠃɾ౎ࢢʫ͕૝ى͠͏ΔϑϨʔϜ TRAVEL, INVADING, ECONOMY, POLITICAL_LOCALES… 17 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ enter (14)
a. As he said this, he kicked Oliver and entered the shop.   (BNC-ERK) ɹ b. Someone entered the room and he recognized.  Allan Stewart’s voice. (BNC-A0N) ɹ⾣ʪਓʫ͕૝ى͠͏ΔϑϨʔϜ ɹɹ BIOLOGICAL_ENTITY, MOTION, WORK… ɹ⾣ʪݐ෺ɾ෦԰ʫ͕૝ى͠͏ΔϑϨʔϜ BUILDING, BUILDING_SUBPART… 18 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ⾣༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑͱͷؔ܎ Ὂ ಈࢺͷҙຯ͚ͩʹ஫໨͢Δͱ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑ͸อͨΕΔ ɹ ▶︎ จͷҙຯͱ͍͏ࢹ఺ΛऔΓೖΕΔͱ੒ཱ͠ͳ͍ Ὂ ڞى͢Δޠ۟ʹΑΔҙຯͷมԽ͸ޠኮҙຯ࿦ͰͲ͏ѻ͏͔ʁ 19
͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ⾣݁࿦

݁࿦ ݁࿦ Ὂ ಈࢺ͕שى͢ΔϑϨʔϜͱ໊ࢺ͕۟שى͢ΔϑϨʔϜͷ༥߹ ɹ ▶︎ จશମͷҙຯ͕ܭࢉՄೳ ࠓޙͷ՝୊ Ὂ ผͷλΠϓͷܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ෼ੳ
Ὂ ҟͳΔܦ࿏ಈࢺͷҙຯతͳ੗ΈΘ͚ͷ෼ੳ 20 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ࢀߟจݙ Demizu, Takanori (2015) Lexicalization Typology and Event Structure Templates:
  Toward Isomorphic Mapping between Macro-event and Syntactic Structures.   Tokyo: Kaitakusha. Fillmore, Charles J. (1977) Topics in Lexical Semantics. In R. Cole, ed., Current Issues in  Linguistic Theory, 76–138. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.   —. (1982) Frame Semantics. In Linguistic Society of Korea, ed., Linguistics in the   Morning Calm, 111–138. Seoul: Hanshin. —, C. R. Johnson, and M. R. L. Patrick (2003) Background to FrameNet. International  Journal of Lexicography, vol. 16 (3), 235–250. Goldberg, Adele E. (2010) Verbs, Constructions, and Semantic Frames. In M. Rappaport  Hovav, E Doron, and I. Sichel, eds., Lexical Semantics, Syntax, and Event Structure,  39–58. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ࠇాߤ, தຊܟࢠ, ໺ᖒݩ (2006)ʮҙຯϑϨʔϜʹجͮ֓͘೦෼ੳͷཧ࿦ͱ࣮ફɿҙຯ໾  ׂΛҙຯϑϨʔϜͷߏ੒ཁૉͱͯ͠ఆٛ͢Δʯʰೝ஌ݴޠֶ࿦ߟ No.4ʱ133–269. ౦  ژɿͻͭ͡ॻ๪ 21

ࢀߟจݙ Levin, Beth and Malka Rappaport Hovav (2013) Lexicalized Meaning
and Manner/  Result Complementarity. In B. Arsenijevié, B. Gehrke. and R. Marin, eds., Studies in  the Composition and Decomposition of Event Predicates, 49–70. Dordrecht:   Springer. খ໺ঘ೭ (2005)ʰੜ੒ޠኮҙຯ࿦ʱ೔ӳޠରরݚڀγϦʔζ, ౦ژɿ͘Ζ͓͠ग़൛ Pustejovsky, James (1991) The syntax of Event Structure. Cognition 41, 47–81 — (1996) The Generative Lexicon. MIT Press.   Rappaport Hovav and Beth Levin (1998) Building Verb Meanings. In M. Butt and W.  Geuder ads., The Projection of Arguments: Lexical and Computational Factors, 97–  134. Stanford, California: CSLI Publications. — (2010) Reﬂections on Manner/Result Complementarity. In M. Rappaport Hovav, E.  Doron, and I. Sichel, eds., Lexical Semantics, Syntax, and Event Structure,  39–58. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 22

ࢀߟจݙ Talmy, Leonard (1985) Lexicalization Patterns: Semantic Structure in Lexical
Forms, In  T. Shopen. ed., Language Typology and Syntactic Description, vol. 3: Grammatical   Categories and the Lexicon. 57–149. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. — (2000) Toward a Cognitive Semantics vol. 2: Typology and Process in Concept   Structuring. MIT Press. 23

経路動詞の意味とフレーム意味論

経路動詞の意味とフレーム意味論

Yuzo Morishita

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ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷҙຯͱϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ ਆށେֶݚڀһ ৿Լ༟ࡾ ӳจֶձୈճେձˏژ౎େֶ γϯϙδ΢Ϝɿ༷ଶಈࢺͱ݁Ռಈࢺ ೥݄೔ʢ౔ʣ

͸͡Ίʹ ໰୊ͷഎܠ Ὂӳޠͷܦ࿏ಈࢺ(e.g., enter, cross, leave) ͱҠಈ༷ଶͷؔ܎ ɹ⾣Talmy (1985; 2000)

͸͡Ίʹ ໰୊ͷഎܠ ὊLevin and Rappaport Hovav (2013) ΁ͷࣔࠦ ɹ⾣ҟͳΔཧ࿦Ͱͷ෼ੳΛఏࣔ

͸͡Ίʹ ຊൃදͷߏ੒ ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ 3 ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡Ίʹ⾣Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ Talmy (2000; cf. 1985) ʹΑΔҠಈࣄ৅ͷ෼ੳ ὊMotionEventɹɹɹɹɹὊCo-Event ⾣FigureʢҠಈ෺ʣɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ⾣Mannerʢ༷ଶʣ ⾣GroundʢҠಈͷج४෺ʣɹɹɹɹ⾣Causeʢ࢖໾ʣ ⾣MotionʢҠಈʣɹetc.

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ Talmy (2000; cf. 1985) ʹΑΔҠಈࣄ৅ͷ෼ੳ ὊMotionEventɹɹɹɹɹὊCo-Event ⾣FigureʢҠಈ෺ʣɹɹɹɹɹɹɹɹ⾣Mannerʢ༷ଶʣ ⾣GroundʢҠಈͷج४෺ʣɹɹɹɹ⾣Causeʢ࢖໾ʣ ⾣MotionʢҠಈʣɹetc.

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ༷ଶͱ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑͱͷؔ܎ʢLevin and Rappaport Hovav 2013ʣ  ʢsee also Demizu 2015:

Ҡಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ໰୊ఏى (6) a. She left the building in a

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦⾣ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ Proﬁle or Background Frame? (Goldberg 2010) Ὂ ಈࢺ climb

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ੜ੒ޠኮҙຯ࿦ʢPustejovsky 1991; 1996: 122–127, খ໺ 2005: 2.3.1ʣ Ὂ ڞ߹੒

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ʢe.g., Fillmore 1977ʣ Ὂ ޠͷҙຯΛཧղ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ϑϨʔϜΛཧղ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ɹ ▶︎ wink, crawl,

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ϑϨʔϜҙຯ࿦ʢe.g., Fillmore 1977ʣ Ὂ ඞͣ͠΋ਓؒͷಈ࡞ͩͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍ ɹ ɹ(11) if a

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ෳ૚ҙຯϑϨʔϜ෼ੳʢࠇాɾதຊɾ໺ᖒ 2006ʣ Ὂ ෳ਺ͷҙຯϑϨʔϜͷ૊Έ߹Θ͕ͤจશମͷཧղʹඞཁ ɹ ▶︎ ಈࢺͱಠ໊ཱͯ͠ࢺ͕ݻ༗ͷϑϨʔϜΛשى ɹ Ὂ

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ ౷ܭతͳඪຊநग़ ɹ

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ FrameNet (see also Fillmore et al 2003) Ὂ ܦ࿏ಈࢺʹשى͞ΕΔ

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ FrameNet (see also Fillmore et al 2003) Ὂ ARRIVING

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ ARRIVING ▶︎

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ arrive (13)

ޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ۩ମత (e.g., arrive and enter) ͳ෼ੳ Ὂ enter (14)

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ⾣༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢ΔࣔࠦὊ݁࿦

༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑͱͷؔ܎ Ὂ ಈࢺͷҙຯ͚ͩʹ஫໨͢Δͱ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑ͸อͨΕΔ ɹ ▶︎ จͷҙຯͱ͍͏ࢹ఺ΛऔΓೖΕΔͱ੒ཱ͠ͳ͍ Ὂ ڞى͢Δޠ۟ʹΑΔҙຯͷมԽ͸ޠኮҙຯ࿦ͰͲ͏ѻ͏͔ʁ 19

ɹ͸͡Ίʹ ɹҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ ɹޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯ ɹ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ ɹ݁࿦ ͸͡ΊʹὊҠಈಈࢺͷҙຯ࿦ὊޠͷҙຯΛ௒͑ͯὊ༷ଶɾ݁Ռͷ૬ิੑʹର͢Δࣔࠦ⾣݁࿦

݁࿦ ݁࿦ Ὂ ಈࢺ͕שى͢ΔϑϨʔϜͱ໊ࢺ͕۟שى͢ΔϑϨʔϜͷ༥߹ ɹ ▶︎ จશମͷҙຯ͕ܭࢉՄೳ ࠓޙͷ՝୊ Ὂ ผͷλΠϓͷܦ࿏ಈࢺͷ෼ੳ

ࢀߟจݙ Demizu, Takanori (2015) Lexicalization Typology and Event Structure Templates:

ࢀߟจݙ Levin, Beth and Malka Rappaport Hovav (2013) Lexicalized Meaning

ࢀߟจݙ Talmy, Leonard (1985) Lexicalization Patterns: Semantic Structure in Lexical