【実録】フレッツのIPv6 完全に理解した

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1. ʲ࣮࿥ʳϑϨοπͷIPv6 ׬શʹཧղͨ͠ 2020/8/27 Yusaku-T
2. ࣗݾ঺հ • Yusaku-T • ๭ࣾITΤϯδχΞ ◦ αʔόʔαΠυ͕ϝΠϯͰ͕͢ɺϑϩϯτΤϯυ΍Πϯϑϥ΋ଟগ • ๭ࣾΠϯλʔωοτ࿝ਓձձ௕ ◦ ͦΖͦΖެࣜϋϯυϧΛkaichoʹ͠Α͏͔ͱ΋ࢥͬͯ·͢
3. ൃදͷ֓ཁ • ࡏ୐ۈ຿ͯ͠·͔͢ʁ • ࡏ୐ۈ຿Ͱ͸௨৴ճઢͷ଎౓͕ࢮ׆໰୊ʹͳΓ·͢ΑͶʁ ◦ ٳ೔΋Ҿ͖͜΋Γੜ׆ͳͷͰ·͢·͢໰୊Ͱ͢ΑͶʁ • զ͕Ո΋஗͔ͬͨͰ͢ • ͪΐͬ͜ͱௐࠪ&5000ԁ΄Ͳ౤ࢿͯ͠଎౓໰୊Λղফ͠·ͨ͠
4. ݻఆճઢͷεϖοΫ • ճઢ: υίϞޫϚϯγϣϯλΠϓ ◦ ճઢࣗମ͸ϑϨοπޫͱಉ͡ • ԰಺഑ઢ: VDSL ◦ ங˓े೥ͷެஂॅ୐ ◦ ͲΜͳʹؤுͬͯ΋100MbpsΛ௒͑ΒΕͳ͍൵͠ΈΛഎෛ͍ͬͯ·͢ ◦ ࠷ۙɺಉ྅͕ଓʑͱNuroʹ৐Γ׵͑ͯGbps௒͑ͯ͠ΔͷΛࢦΛ͘Θ͑ͯݟ͍ͯ·͢ • ISP(ϓϩόΠμʔ): OCN
5. ௨৴଎౓͕஗͍… • 3݄͔Βࡏ୐ۈ຿։࢝ • 4݄͝Ζ͔Β௨৴଎౓ͷ஗͕͞ؾʹͳΔΑ͏ʹ… • ಛఆͷετϦʔϛϯάαʔϏε͕ϒπϒπ੾ΕΔ ◦ Amazon Prime, Amazon Music, χίχίಈը౳ ▪ Ұۂͷؒʹ2,3ճ్੾ΕΔ͜ͱ͕͋ΔͷͰ࡞ۀޮ཰͕མͪΔ͜ͱਙ͍ͩ͠ ◦ YouTube΍Google Meet͸େৎ෉ ◦ εϚϗͷ4GճઢͰ͸్੾Εͳ͍ ◦ εϐʔυςετͰ͸େମԼΓ50Mbpsʙ80Mbps ग़ͯΔ
6. Կͱ͔ͳΒͳ͍͔…ʁ IPv6ͩͱ଎͍Β͍͠ʂʂʂ ʢখֶੜฒΈͷࢥ͍͖ͭʣ
7. ਖ਼ղ: IPv6ͦͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘IPoEͩͱ଎͍ IPv6ͦͷ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘IPv6Ͱར༻Ͱ͖ΔIPoEͱ͍͏઀ଓํࣜͩͱ଎͍ • PPPoE: ࠓ·Ͱͷ઀ଓํࣜ ID/ύεϫʔυͰೝূ • IPoE: ճઢͦͷ΋ͷΛೝূ ◦ ҰͭͷϑϨοπճઢͰෳ਺ͷISPܖ໿Λ݁Ϳ͜ͱ͸ෆՄೳ • IPv6Ͱ΋PPPoEͰೝূɾ઀ଓΛߦ͏৔߹΋͋Δ
8. ͳͥPPPoEͩͱ஗͍ʁ ISP͕PPPoEͷͨΊͷ઀ଓػث(NTE: Network Termination Equipment)Λࣗ༝ʹ૿ ڧͰ͖ͳ͍ʂ • τϥϑΟοΫͰ͸ͳ͘ηογϣϯ਺ج४Ͱ͔͠૿ڧͰ͖ͳ͍ʂ ◦ ಈըαʔϏεͳͲɺۙ೥ͷҰਓ౰ͨΓͷτϥϑΟοΫ૿ՃʹରԠ͖͠Εͳ͍ • IPoEͰ͸GWR(Gateway Router)ͱ͍͏ڧྗͳ઀ଓػثΛܦ༝͢Δ ◦ ࠓͷॴ᫔᫓͸͋·Γى͖ͯͳ͍ˍ૿ڧ΋༰қͦ͏ʁ
9. طʹIPv6ʹ͸ରԠ͍ͯͨ͠ʂ • ϑϨοπޫɾOCN͸ϚϯγϣϯλΠϓͰ΋IPv6/IPoEʹඪ४ରԠ • ࡢ೥ळʹങ͍׵͑ͨϧʔλʔ(NEC WG1900HP2)͕طʹIPoEͰIPv6઀ଓͯ͠ ͍ͨ • ͔ͩΒIPv6ରԠWebαʔϏε(YouTube౳)Ͱ͸్੾ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ͳ͔ͬͨʂ • IPv6ʹରԠͨ͠εϐʔυςετͰ΋଎౓͕ग़ͯͨʂ
10. PPPoEͷ᫔᫓ͱIPoE GWR NTE ϑϨοπ IPv4 αΠτ ISP Internet IPv6 αΠτ PPPoE IPoE
11. IPv6ʹରԠͨ͠WebαʔϏε • Google ◦ YouTube ◦ Google Meet ◦ Google App Engine ▪ FirewallͷઃఆͰϋϚΓ·ͨ͠ʂ • Netflix • Ѩ෦׮ϗʔϜϖʔδ • ֤छͷεϐʔυςετ ◦ Google, NetflixͳͲ
12. IPv6ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍WebαʔϏε ͔͠͠IPv6ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍WebαʔϏεͰ͸ະͩʹ஗͍··… • Amazon ◦ Amazon Prime, Amazon Music • χίχίಈը • ֤छܳೳਓͷϗʔϜϖʔδ
13. Կͱ͔͜͏ग़དྷͳ͍͔ʁ GWR NTE ϑϨοπ IPv4 αΠτ ISP Internet IPv6 αΠτ IPoE
14. IPv4 over IPv6Λ࢖ͬͯղܾ • IPv4ύέοτΛIPv6ʹΑͬͯΧϓηϧԽ͢Δ(τϯωϦϯά) • ݩʑ͸IPv4ΞυϨεͷރׇʹରԠ͢ΔͨΊͷٕज़ • IPv6ඇରԠͷWebαʔϏεͰ΋PPPoEͷ૷ஔΛܦ༝͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ར༻Ͱ͖Δ ◦ →IPv6ඇରԠͷWebαʔϏεͰ΋ߴ଎ʹ௨৴Ͱ͖Δʂ
15. OCNͷIPv4 over IPv6αʔϏε • v6ΞϧϑΝͱ͍͏αʔϏε • ઐ༻ϧʔλʔͱ༨ܭͳηΩϡϦςΟιϑτ͕͍݄ͭͯ500ԁ • υίϞޫͳΒແྉʂ
16. ͔͠͠…
17. ͖͋ΒΊͨΒͦ͜Ͱࢼ߹ऴྃͰ͢Α • v6ΞϧϑΝͷ࣮ଶ͸OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτͱ͍͏ن֨ ◦ IPv4 over IPv6ͷதͰ͸৽͍͠ن֨ • ΀ΒΒͳͲͰར༻ՄೳʢԿނ͔OCNͰ͸ެࣜʹར༻ՄೳΞφ΢ϯε͕ͳ͍ʣ ◦ OCNͰ΋6݄͔Βར༻Մೳʹ • v6ΞϧϑΝʹܖ໿͠ͳͯ͘΋ରԠϧʔλʔΛ࢖͑͹ར༻Մೳͱ͍͏৘ใ͕ʂ ◦ https://ameblo.jp/myo000402/entry-12545375684.html
18. ཚཱ͢ΔϑϨοπͷIPv4 over IPv6ن֨ • DS-Liteܥ ◦ ϢʔβʔʹάϩʔόϧIPv4ΞυϨεׂ͕Γ౰ͯΒΕͳ͍ ◦ Transix(ΠϯλʔωοτϚϧνϑΟʔυ) ▪ IIJ, ΀ΒΒͳͲ • MAP-Eܥ ◦ ෳ਺ϢʔβʔͰάϩʔόϧIPv4ΞυϨεΛڞ༻͢Δ ◦ v6ϓϥε(೔ຊωοτϫʔΫΠωΠϒϥʔ) ▪ @nifty, So-netͳͲ ◦ IPv6Φϓγϣϯ(Ϗοάϩʔϒ) ▪ ϏοάϩʔϒͳͲ ◦ OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτ(NTTίϛϡχέʔγϣϯζ) ▪ OCN, DTI, ΀ΒΒͳͲ • ಉ͡ϓϩόΠμͰ΋ܖ໿࣌ظ΍ΦϓγϣϯʹΑͬͯํ͕ࣜҟͳΔ͜ͱ͕ʂ
19. OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτରԠϧʔλʔͷબ୒ • ରԠϧʔλʔҰཡhttps://www.ntt.com/content/dam/nttcom/hq/jp/business/services/network/internet-connect/ ocn-business/option/v-access-ipoe/pdf/bocn_vc_router.pdf • Buffalo ◦ ରԠػछଟ਺ Ξ΢τϨοτͰ͍҆ ◦ ҆ఆੑ͸ΠϚΠνʁ(Ձ̋.com৘ใ) • NEC ◦ WG1200HS3ͱ͍͏ػछ͚͕ͩରԠ ࣮ച5000ԁఔ౓ ◦ OCNͷϨϯλϧϧʔλʔͷOEMݩͬΆ͍ʁ ◦ ͪ͜ΒΛߪೖ(ಉ͜͡ͱΛߟ͑ͯΔਓ͕ଟ͔͍͔ͬͨͤएׯ඼ബ) ◦ APઃఆΛม͑Δͷ͕໘౗&ແઢͷεϖοΫ͸ࠓͷϧʔλʔͷํ্͕ͳͷͰΞΫηεϙΠϯτϞʔυͰซ༻
20. OCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτରԠϧʔλʔͷબ୒ • YAMAHA ◦ RTX1210Ҏ߱(RTX1200͸ඇରԠͷ໛༷…) ◦ http://www.rtpro.yamaha.co.jp/RT/docs/ocn_map_e/index.html • NEC UNIVERGE IX ◦ ͔ͳΓੲͷUNIVERGE IX2105Ͱ΋ରԠ ◦ தݹͰങ͏৔߹͸ϑΝʔϜ΢ΣΞͷόʔδϣϯʹ஫ҙʂʢܖ໿Λ݁͹ͳ͍ͱೖखͰ͖ͳ͍ʂʣ • OpenWrt • ւ֎੡ϧʔλʔ(EdgeRouterͳͲ) ◦ MAP-E͸NDAΛ݁͹ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍͔ΒඇରԠʂ ◦ ৽ͨͳΔΨϥύΰε஀ੜͷ༧ײʂ
21. IPv4 over IPv6ಋೖͷ݁Ռ • Amazon Prime,Amazon Music,χίχίಈըͳͲ్͕੾ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ͳ͘ͳͬ ͨʂ • ௨৴଎౓ ◦ PPPoEͰ઀ଓͨ͠ࡍͷΑ͏ʹɺ࣌ʑΨΫϯͱ଎౓͕མͪࠐΉ͜ͱ΋ͳ͘ͳͬͨ ◦ IPv4ରԠεϐʔυςετͰ΋্ΓԼΓ80Mbpsఔ౓͕҆ఆͯ͠ग़ΔΑ͏ʹ
22. IPv4 over IPv6ͷ໰୊఺ • DS-Lite: άϩʔόϧIPΞυϨε͕ར༻ऀʹ෇༩͞Εͳ͍ • MAP-E: άϩʔόϧIPΞυϨεΛෳ਺ਓͰڞ༻͢Δ(ར༻Ͱ͖Δϙʔτ੍͕ݶ͞ΕΔ) ҎԼͷ༻్Ͱ໰୊͕ൃੜʂ • ֤छαʔόʔͷެ։ • VPNͰग़ઌ͔ΒՈఉͷωοτϫʔΫʹ઀ଓ • ΦϯϥΠϯήʔϜ ◦ SwitchͩͱNATλΠϓ͕A͡Όͳ͘ͳΔ
23. ղܾࡦ(1) • IPv6ͰαʔόʔΛެ։͢Δ ◦ NTT౦Ͱ͸ϑϨοπดҬͰDNS໊Λར༻Ͱ͖ΔʮOPEN IPv6 μΠφϛο Ϋ DNS for ϑϨοπɾޫωΫετͱ͍͏αʔϏε΋͋Γ ◦ https://i.open.ad.jp/ • ϙʔτ൪߸Λม͑Δ(MAP-Eܥ) ◦ OpenVPNͳͲ
24. ղܾࡦ(2): IPoEͱPPPoEͷσϡΞϧ઀ଓ ONU έʔϒϧϞσϜ ϋϒ IPoE ઀ଓઃఆ PPPoE ઀ଓઃఆ
25. ࠷ۙ(6݄ʙ)ͷಈ޲ • OCNͰ΋ެࣜʹOCNόʔνϟϧίωΫτ͕ར༻Մೳʹ • PPPoEͷվળ ◦ 10GbE ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛඋ͑ͨ NTE ʹ͍ͭͯ૯຿ল͔ΒೝՄͷݟࠐΈ ◦ https://diary.sorah.jp/2020/06/20/ngn-explained-2020 • IPoEͰ΋଎౓௿Լ͕ൃੜ ◦ https://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/1269761.html
26. ຊ౰ͷҙຯͰIPv6Λ׬શʹཧղ͢Δʹ͸ • ϓϩϑΣογϣφϧIPv6 ◦ https://www.geekpage.jp/blog/?id=2018-7-4-1 ◦ IPv6ຊͱͯ͠IPv6ͦͷ΋ͷͷղઆΛ͢Δ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ ͘ɺDNSͱIPv6ɺIPv4ΞυϨεࡏݿރׇ໰୊΍େن ໛NATͰ͋ΔCGNɺIPv6ͱIPv4ͷڞଘٕज़ (NAT64,DNS64ͳͲ)ɺNTT NGNͳͲɺIPv6ʹؔ࿈͢ Δपลٕज़ͷղઆ΋ߦͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻʢ঺հΑΓʣ • BOOTHͰԿͱແྉμ΢ϯϩʔυՄೳʂ ◦ https://booth.pm/ja/items/913273
27. ·ͱΊ • IPv6͕଎͍Μ͡Όͳͯ͘ɺIPv6Ͱ࢖͑ΔIPoEͱ͍͏઀ଓํ͕ࣜ଎͍Α • IPv4 over IPv6ͱ͍͏ٕज़Λར༻͢Δ͜ͱͰIPv4ͷΈͷWebαʔϏε΋ߴ଎ʹ ར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ • IPv4 over IPv6ͷن֨͸ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ͔Βཁ஫ҙͩΑ • IPoE + IPv4 over IPv6Λ࢖͏ͱIPv4ͷάϩʔόϧΞυϨε͕લఏͷαʔϏεͩ ͱ໰୊͕ى͖Δ͜ͱ͕͋ΔΑ