FISH 6000: Week 5 - Anatomy of a Science Paper Part 2

Continuation of last week's lecture

Transcript

1. Week 5: Anatomy of a Science Paper, Part 2 FISH 6000: Science Communication for Fisheries Brett Favaro 2017 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
2. Land Acknowledgment We would like to respectfully acknowledge the territory in which we gather as the ancestral homelands of the Beothuk, and the island of Newfoundland as the ancestral homelands of the Mi’kmaq and Beothuk. We would also like to recognize the Inuit of Nunatsiavut and NunatuKavut and the Innu of Nitassinan, and their ancestors, as the original people of Labrador. We strive for respectful partnerships with all the peoples of this province as we search for collective healing and true reconciliation and honour this beautiful land together. http://www.mun.ca/aboriginal_affairs/
3. Today: 1. Continue deep dive – discussions, titles, abstracts, and acknowledgments • Focus: Topic sentences 2. Focus: Abstracts
4. But first… Power ¼ Hour! 15 minutes… Ready… GO!
5. Today: 1. Recap – proposal assignments 2. Continue deep dive – discussions, titles, abstracts, and acknowledgments • Focus: Topic sentences 3. Focus: Abstracts
6. Topic sentence activity 1 • I have printed eight paragraphs, each from a science paper • Everyone take one paragraph • Pair up with someone • In pairs, write a topic sentence for each paragraph (so each pair will write sentences for two paragraphs) • Then, we’ll go through each one as a class… and compare against the ‘real’ ones Time = 10 minutes Presentation ~ 10 min
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15. Acknowledgments Funding disclosure (sometimes funding is its own section). Take this REALLY seriously…
16. http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/news/overfishing-denier-ray-hilborn-fails-disclose-millions-seafood-industry-cash-research/ Dr. Hilborn, of course, responded…
18. http://www.southernfriedscience.com/six-thoughts-about-greenpeaces-attack-on-ray-hilborn/ Key: In general, every paper must disclose funding that supported THAT PAPER.
19. Grad student Principal Investigator (PI) Holds NSERC scholarship NSERC Discovery Grant buys lab some stuff, used by grad student Industry grant funds unrelated trawling study Paper by grad student, using equipment purchased from Discovery Grant Acknowledgments: “Grad student was funded by NSERC scholarship. Research was funded by an NSERC Discovery Grant to PI” “Grad student was funded by NSERC scholarship. Research was funded by an NSERC Discovery Grant to PI. PI also holds an industry grant to study trawling.
20. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0210844 “There is additional information that needs to be included in the Competing Interests statement.” … “NG, DJA, PLB, DDH, CN and ASP were employees of the Marine Stewardship Council at the time of this study. TEE, KS, and ADMS were unpaid members of the MSC's Technical Advisory Board. KS was an unpaid member of the MSC’s Board of Trustees” https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0043765
21. Acknowledgments Note acknowledgment of non-author contributors Aside from $, you might acknowledge: - Lab mates - People who reviewed pre-submission versions - “Three anonymous reviewers” - Industry ppl whose boats you worked on - Anyone who helped you (government, community, NGOs, etc.) Ask before naming.
22. Each journal has precise formatting requirements Use your reference manager (Zotero) for the first pass at this There will *always* be errors. Manual check is essential. Before submission, manually: ✔ Make sure every in-text citation has a corresponding reference ✔ Make sure every reference has a corresponding in-text citation! ✔ Check formatting of references against Instructions to Authors page ✔ Check for typos, capitalization issues, etc. in reference section (Shouldn’t be title case)
23. Capitalization Terms: Title Case UPPERCASE lowercase camelCase PascalCase hyphen-case snake_case dot.case Sentence case. More info: https://medium.com/@jsaito/making-a-case-for-letter-case-19d09f653c98
24. Tables: Conform to journal policy. But also: Tables and Figures: We will cover these in depth in FISH 6002
25. Figures Caption and labelling allow figure to stand alone
26. Standalone figures are increasingly important: Direct linking: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?i d=10.1371/journal.pone.0177858 Twitter
27. I ntro M ethods R esults a nd D iscussion This traditional paper structure is called IMRaD Other structures exist… - Methods-last - Notes - Review papers (e.g. Fish and Fisheries) - Field notes (Canadian Field Naturalist) - Species descriptions - Data-only papers
28. Goal Setting • Teams of 3-4 • These will be your WRITING TEAM for the semester • At every class meeting, you will assemble with your writing team. • Discuss with each of your teammates: • What were your goals last week? • Did you achieve them? Why or why not? • What did you write last week? • What is your goal for THIS week? • Sample template available on FISH 6000 website • Write these down (one entry per class). At the end of the semester, you will receive a completion grade Goal-setting, peer support, reflection Examination, blame, fault, bragging Time ~ 10 minutes
29. Title Abstract
30. Title Your title should be clear, descriptive, and discoverable
31. Catch reconstructions reveal that global marine fisheries catches are higher than reported and declining Method Subject Result 1 Result 2 Discovery word
32. Most cited fisheries papers in 2016 (at 17 December 2016) Stages of embryonic development of the zebrafish. A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems. Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production. Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta- analysis and recommendations. Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services. DNA barcoding Australia’s fish species. Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas. Climate change and distribution shifts in marine fishes. https://sites.google.com/a/uw.edu/most-cited-fisheries/home/most-cited-in-2011
33. Some paper titles include puns, cultural references, or humour http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/12/the_best_funny_clever_or_offensive_science_pap er_titles.html Funny zinger: Something serious
34. This joke is no longer funny
35. Reminder: Always check journal guidelines. E.g. Journal of Fish Biology Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
36. http://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/2/8/150266?elq =0f0c9e616de044df94be7db8b4a4da5c&elqCampaignId=6&el qaid=13505&elqat=1&elqTrackId=55cab36c34954760aed099f8 1d1d49ca
38. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/faf.12160/abstract
40. Abstract
41. Fisheries data assembled by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) suggest that global marine fisheries catches increased to 86 million tonnes in 1996, then slightly declined. Here, using a decade-long multinational ‘catch reconstruction’ project covering the Exclusive Economic Zones of the world’s maritime countries and the High Seas from 1950 to 2010, and accounting for all fisheries, we identify catch trajectories differing considerably from the national data submitted to the FAO. We suggest that catch actually peaked at 130 million tonnes, and has been declining much more strongly since. This decline in reconstructed catches reflects declines in industrial catches and to a smaller extent declining discards, despite industrial fishing having expanded from industrialized countries to the waters of developing countries. The differing trajectories documented here suggest a need for improved monitoring of all fisheries, including often neglected small-scale fisheries, and illegal and other problematic fisheries, as well as discarded bycatch. 1-2 jargon-free sentences introducing the field General problem being addressed Main result, with a verb (suggest, document, show, found) Main result in context Shifting from narrow to broader context. Again, often jargon-free
42. Time = 30 min (15 min to write, 10 min to share, 5 min for classwide reflection) • Write your own abstract to the paper and colour code: • Go to the Readings section of this week’s class webpage: https://mifisheriesscience.github.io/cour ses/6000SciComm/6000Week5/ • Download Nagasawa and Tadokoro (1996) if you haven’t already • I have removed the abstract Abstract activity 1-2 jargon-free sentences introducing the field General problem being addressed Main result, with a verb (suggest, document, show, found) Main result in context Shifting from narrow to broader context. Again, often jargon-free Write it then share with a buddy
43. Next week • Oral presentations. Get ready to talk about your research!