5G and Starlink

Explaining the history and evolution of wireless digital network that shapes the internet today, with emphasize of 5G network which is the future of internet.

Transcript

1. The Future of Internet Opportunities & Challenges
2. A brief history of cell phone in the past 50 years https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ History_of_mobile_phones
4. 1970s & 1980s : 1G The first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 3rd April 1973, using a handset weighing c. 2 kilograms (4.4 lbs) Martin Cooper
5. 1990s : 2G
6. 2000s : 3G
7. 2010s : 4G
8. Each cell phone generation lasts for about 10 years
16. What makes 5G so exciting? Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO Small Cell Beamforming NOMA
17. Millimeter Wave
18. Millimeter Wave 3 Advantages: 1. It is a new and less used band 2. Higher frequency wave carries much more data than lower frequency wave 3. Millimeter wave makes it possible to have massive MIMO antenna
19. Massive MIMO MIMO = Multiple Input Multiple Output The relationship between the wave frequency and antenna size is inversely proportional Lower frequency signals need a bigger antenna to transmit and receive Higher frequency signals can work well with smaller-size antenna The higher frequency wave we use, the smaller antenna we can get Millimeter wave makes it possible to have a lot of transmitters and receivers installed on a small size cell or panel
20. Massive MIMO
21. Small Cells
22. Beamforming
23. NOMA Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access 1G – 3G Multiple access methods are based on frequency, time, and code using mux & demux
24. NOMA 4G using Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) 5G using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access that allow different signals share the same channel simultaneously
25. 5G Implementation • Spectrum < 6 GHz & 24 GHz – 100 GHz • Latency < 1 ms • Potential download speed 10-20 Gbps • Small cell base station • 20-40k users per cell • 1 millions user per 1 square Km • New infrastructure • Need more power
26. Active Phased Array Antenna (APAA) 5G’s Base Station is smaller than 4G’s Because of Millimeter Wavelength
29. Teori-teori yang mengaitkan teknologi 5G dengan penyebaran virus corona menyebar beberapa bulan belakangan dan tampaknya mulai dipercayai sejumlah orang. Puluhan menara telekomunikasi di Inggris jadi sasaran pengerusakan diduga imbas hal ini. Salah satu teori yang beredar menyatakan teknologi 5G mempercepat penyebaran virus corona lantaran menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh. Teori ini dibangun dengan argumentasi, Wuhan yang merupakan salah satu kota pertama uji coba 5G di Tiongkok menjadi episentrum virus corona. Sedangkan teori lain menyatakan virus corona adalah fiksi yang dibuat untuk menutupi kerusakan fisik akibat teknologi 5G. Pendiri Microsoft Bill Gates dituding sebagai "otak" di balik terciptanya virus corona. Tujuannya, untuk mengontrol dunia melalui vaksin buatannya.
30. Menguji Kebenaran Teori Konspirasi 5G dan Corona • Tiongkok mengaktifkan 5G di 2nd Quarter 2019, Corona first report in 4th Quarter 2019 • Radiasi dari gelombang radio bersifat non-ionizing. Ini artinya, radiasi tersebut tidak merusak DNA dalam sel seperti yang bisa dilakukan oleh sinar X, sinar gamma, dan sinar UV bila terpapar ke tubuh manusia dalam jangka waktu yang lama • Spektrum 4G di sub 6GHz saja, 5G di sub 6GHz dan above 24 GHz • 5G di Tiongkok hanya menggunakan sub 6 GHz saja • Sejauh ini, belum ada bukti keterkaitan negatif radiasi non-ionizing dengan kesehatan manusia. Dalam situsnya, organisasi kesehatan internasional -- Center for Disease Control and Prevention dan World Health Organization -- menyatakan studi-studi yang tengah berlangsung belum bisa menjelaskan secara terang tentang keterkaitan tersebut • Adapun seiring meningkatnya sorotan akan implikasi kesehatan dari 5G, lembaga independen yang mengawasi radiasi, Internasional Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), telah membuat panduan baru untuk memproteksi manusia dari efek negatif gelombang radio
32. STARLINK
33. Starlink is a satellite constellation being constructed by SpaceX to provide satellite Internet access
36. Reused SpaceX Falcon 9 Rocket
40. Starlink Mission
41. Starlink High Quality Broadband Cellular Internet Network Over Countries via Satellites Low Earth Orbit (LEO) 550 km vs Geostationary Orbit / Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) 35.786 km 3.6 ms vs 240 ms latency theoretical 500 km coverage vs 13.000 km coverage Launch at 440, move to 550 km Laser communication between satellites
42. Starlink Light travels through vacuum about 47% faster than through glass like FO It gets a physics boost Each satellite will be able to handle 1 Tbps Almost 4x of apacity of Viasat 40.000 people streaming 4K video at once
51. Thank You