Laïcité in pictures

Laïcité in pictures

Transcript

1. Laïcité in pictures
2. Laumosnier, Wedding of Louis XIV and Maria Theresa of Austria at the Church of Saint-Jean-de-Luz, on 9th June 1660 Before the 1789 Revolution, the civil registry was under the control of the Catholic Church. Here, the marriage of the King of France took place at the church, with the Bishop of Bayonne. The King of France, Louis XIV Maria Theresa of Austria, the future queen The Bishop of Bayonne represents the Catholic Church The Christian cross: we are certainly in a church Laïcité: law before religion
3. Laumosnier, Wedding of Louis XIV and Maria Theresa of Austria at the Church of Saint-Jean-de-Luz, on 9th June 1660
4. Philippe de Champaigne, Anne of Austria and her sons praying with Saint Benedict and Saint Scholastica Before the 1789 Revolution, political power was inseparable from religious power. Here, the Queen of France and her children, including the future King Louis XIV, pray with two Christian saints and surrender their power to God. Anne of Austria, Queen of France and wife of Louis XIII Louis XIV, future King of France, and his brother pray with their mother. Two saints speak to God in support of the queen and her children At the top, God is represented by the Christian trinity: the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit Crowns, sceptres and ermine coats, symbols of political power, are laid on the floor, a sign of submission to God. Laïcité: law before religion
5. Philippe de Champaigne, Anne of Austria and her sons praying with Saint Benedict and Saint Scholastica, 1640
6. First civil wedding in Sens in 1792 After the 1789 Revolution, the civil registry is under state control. Weddings take place in the town hall. The civil register is held by the town hall The Mayor is identified by his blue- white-red scarf The groom and bride Symbols of the Republic replace Christian symbols Laïcité: law before religion
7. First civil wedding in Sens in 1792
8. Henri-Frédéric Schopin, The Divorce of the Empress Josephine, 15th December 1809 After the 1789 Revolution, the civil registry is under the control of the State, which makes divorce possible, despite it being disapproved by the Catholic church. The divorce agreement Joséphine de Beauharnais, the wife of Napoleon, signs the divorce agreement Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul Laïcité: law before religion
9. Henri-Frédéric Schopin, The Divorce of the Empress Josephine, 15th December 1809
10. Maitre de Saint Gilles, The Baptism of Clovis, 1600 Before the 1789 Revolution, the Church controlled a person’s life, from their birth (baptism) to death (burial). The ceremony took place in Reims Cathedral Clovis, King of the Franks, converted to Catholicism and was baptised in 498 The cathedral’s bishop leads the ceremony Laïcité: law before religion
11. Maitre de Saint Gilles, The Baptism of Clovis, 1600
12. Gustave Courbet, A burial at Ornans, 1850 The priest represents the Church and leads the ceremony The dead person’s casket before burial It is a religious ceremony, symbolised by Jesus on the cross After the 1789 Revolution, each person could choose their type of burial: Christian (like here), Muslim, Jewish...or atheist. Laïcité: law before religion
13. Gustave Courbet, A burial at Ornans, 1850
14. In 1908, the satirical magazine Les corbeaux mocked the Catholic church. Here, it says that it wants to see “the last monk hanged with the guts of the last priest”. Today, other magazines like Charlie Hebdo criticize, sometimes violently, various religious opinions. Criticizing religion: an old French tradition
15. Laïcité considers all religious opinions equal. The law allows someone to mock all religious (or atheist) or political ideas...provided that they do not mock an individual person: incitement to hatred is punishable by law. Here, Charlie Hebdo caricatures religious texts. The small heads symbolise the representatives of each religion. They mock ideas (religions), but not people (e.g. Jews, Muslims, Christians). Religions, opinions like all others.
16. How do you draw an idea? By using emblems, symbols recognised by everyone. Cartoons are not realistic portraits, but a simple representation of an idea: - Holes in the hands + crown of thorns = Christianity - Turban + beard = Islam - Hat + curls = Judaism Cartoons: how do you represent ideas?
17. Film 1 • Laumosnier - Mariage de Louis XIV avec Marie-Thérèse d’Autriche en l’Eglise de St-Jean-de-Luz, le 9 juin 1660 / Wikimedia Commons • Philippe de Champaigne - La Mère Catherine-Agnès Arnauld et la soeur Catherine de Sainte Suzanne de Champaigne / Wikimedia Commons • Jean-Pierre Dalbéra (User: dalbera) - Flickr / Wikimedia Commons • Henri-Frederic Schopin - Le divorce de l'Impératrice Joséphine 15 décembre 1809 / Wikimedia Commons • User Jebulon / Wikimedia Commons • Richard Ying (User yingrichard) - Flickr • Carte électorale de France 2007, Journal officiel de la République Française / Wikimedia Commons • Nicolas Clairembault (User nclairembault) - Flickr • Evan Bench (User austinevan) - Flickr • User gbrl.arnaud - Flickr Film 2 • User: ariely / Wikimedia Commons • User: Issagm / Wikimedia Commons • Habib M’henni (User: Dyolf77) / Wikimedia Commons • User: Hoanganh.ong / Wikimedia Commons • Claude TRUONG-NGOC User: Ctruongngoc / Wikimedia Commons • User: LPLT / Wikimedia Commons • User salva1745 - Flickr • Mairead Donnelly User maireaddonnelly / Flickr • User acor-cannes / Flickr • User omnia_mutantur / Flickr • Dominique Debos User 3pierres / Flickr • Jean-Pierre Dalbéra User Paris 16 / Flickr Picture credits
18. Film 3 • Didier Dubucq - Les Corbeaux, n°145, 5 janvier 1908. / Wikimedia Commons • Didier Dubucq - Les Corbeaux, n°173, 13 juillet 1908 / Wikimedia Commons • Allégorie de la loi française de Séparation de l'Eglise et de l'Etat (1905) © domaine public / Wikimedia Commons • Couverture édition 27 déc. 1971 / Charlie Hebdo • Couverture édition 13 mars 2013 / Charlie Hebdo • Couverture édition 7 fév. 2007 / Charlie Hebdo • Couverture édition 20 avril 2011 / Charlie Hebdo • Couverture édition 11 sept 2013 / Charlie Hebdo • Stanislav Vedmid / Football.ua - Wikimedia Commons • Лаут Екатерина / soccer.ru - Wikimedia Commons • Georges Biard / Wikimedia Commons • Dominique Debos User 3pierres / Flickr • Maya-Anaïs Yataghène User mayanais / Flickr • Antoine Taveneaux User: Antoinetav / Wikimedia Commons • Sylvain Raybaud User popiet / Flickr • User tendencies / Flickr • Jesús Gorriti - User gorriti / Flickr • User perryleopard / Flickr • JLPC / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 3.0 • User Fab5669 / Wikimedia Commons • Peter Potrowl User Peter17 / Wikimedia Commons • User: Hoanganh.ong / Wikimedia Commons • Jean-Marc Pascolo, User Jean-Marc_Pascolo / Wikimedia Commons Picture credits
19. Film 4 • Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Le déjeuner des canotiers / Wikipedia Commons • Credits à User Arnoux Pascal / Wikipedia Commons • Claude Monet - Déjeuner sur l'herbe / Wikipedia Commons • Credits à User Gugerell / Wikipedia Commons • User Bryan / Wikipedia Commons • Credits à User DocteurCosmos / Wikipedia Commons • Timothy Vollmer / Flickr • CROUS / Domaine Public • CROUS / Domaine Public • CROUS / Domaine Public • Credits à Laura Podoroski - User : valdemarne / Flickr • Credits à Laura Podoroski - User : valdemarne / Flickr • User JPS68 / Wikipedia Commons • julie-love / Flickr • User Korido / Wikipedia Commons • © J.Barande / École polytechnique • © J.Barande / École polytechnique • © Lesauvage Romain / ENSAE • User JeremyVx / Wikipedia Commons • User Basilou / Wikipedia Commons Picture credits
20. Film 5 • User besopha / Flickr • User Dinkley / Wikimedia Commons • User Elliott Brown User ell-r-brown / Flickr • User Ralf.treinen / Wikimedia Commons • User Croquant / Wikimedia Commons • User Ibex73 / Wikimedia Commons • User Kyah117 / Wikimedia Commons • Roman Bonnefoy User Romanceor / Wikimedia Commons • User Croquant / Wikimedia Commons • Zimmermann User jeanlouis_zimmermann / Flickr • © MYCHELE DANIAU / AFP • © JACQUES DEMARTHON / AFP • © FRED DUFOUR / AFP • User Reinhardhauke / Wikimedia Commons • User rweller / FreeImages.com Picture credits