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Should you sequence your genome?

Should you sequence your genome?

Public talk at Pint of Science, Hull 2016

Dave Lunt

May 23, 2016
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  1. AGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACG
    ATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGAT
    CGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATG
    CTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGA
    GCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCG
    ATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACA
    TCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATC
    TGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCT
    AGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGG
    ACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAAC
    TGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATAC
    GACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCA
    TCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGA
    TGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTA
    GCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTA
    ACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTAC
    GATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCG
    ATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCAT
    CGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGA
    TCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGC
    TAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGG
    ACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGC
    ATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGG
    DrDaveLunt
    @davelunt
    Shouldyousequence
    yourgenome?
    Why?
    How?
    Cost?
    Privacy?
    davelunt.net

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  2. nucleus
    chromosomes
    Whatisagenome?
    AgenomeisalltheDNAinacell

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  3. nucleus
    chromosomes
    Chromosomes, biggest to smallest

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  4. View Slide

  5. AGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACG
    ATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGAT
    CGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATG
    CTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGA
    GCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCG
    ATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACA
    TCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATC
    TGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCT
    AGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGG
    ACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAAC
    TGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATAC
    GACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCA
    TCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGA
    TGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTA
    GCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTA
    ACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTAC
    GATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCG
    ATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCAT
    CGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGA
    TCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGC
    TAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGG
    ACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGC
    ATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGG
    your genome?
    should you sequence
    Its now quite cheap and easy

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  6. December 2012
    the Prime Minister announced that the Government intended to achieve
    a paradigm shift in the way that genomics is used across the NHS
    100,000 Genome Project will position the NHS as world leaders in
    realising a new era of personalised medicine
    100,000
    genomes by
    end 2017
    Rare diseases Cancer

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  7. Do you
    have a
    rare
    disease?

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  8. Jessica’s story
    SLC2A1 gene Glut1 deficiency
    Sugar transport to brain Ketogenic diet

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  9. Compare the genome of your cancerous
    cells to genome of your normal cells
    What has changed to cause
    cancer?
    Sequencing your cancer
    From genome to treatment decisions

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  10. “If I’ve learned anything, I’ve learned that
    ‘knowledge is power’ – the more
    knowledge available to the oncologists the
    better the patient’s chance of recovery.”
    Andrew Anderson, cancer patient
    “cheaper for the NHS”

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  11. AGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACG
    ATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGAT
    CGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATG
    CTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGA
    GCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCG
    ATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACA
    TCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATC
    TGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCT
    AGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGG
    ACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAAC
    TGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATAC
    GACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCA
    TCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGA
    TGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTA
    GCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTA
    ACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTAC
    GATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCG
    ATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCAT
    CGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGA
    TCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGC
    TAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGG
    ACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGC
    ATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGG
    my
    genome,
    my data,
    my health
    23andme.com
    What does my
    genome
    sequence say
    about me?

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  12. My ancestry

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  13. My trait data

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  14. My health data

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  15. My Alzheimer’s risk is lower

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  16. “find people 4 or 5 decades before they
    show the first symptoms, lowering their
    cholesterol, making sure they live an
    active physical and mental lifestyle …if
    you do that, you've decreased the
    incidence by 50% and you’ve
    prevented 10 million people from
    getting Alzheimer’s disease.”
    Dietrich Stephan

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  17. We are all different in looks, body,
    behaviour
    and biochemistry!
    OR6A2 gene, scent/taste receptor
    Coriander tastes of soap for some people

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  18. We are all different in looks, body,
    behaviour
    and biochemistry!
    People differ in the dose
    of medicines they require
    pharmacogenomics

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  19. This anticoagulant would be inefficient for me
    “Physicians spend months and hundreds of thousands of dollars trying to find
    the right statin, the right blood thinner, or the right antidepressant for their
    patients, to say nothing of the right dose”
    Precision medicine

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  20. AGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACG
    ATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGAT
    CGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATG
    CTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGA
    GCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCG
    ATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACA
    TCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATC
    TGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCT
    AGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGG
    ACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAAC
    TGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATAC
    GACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCA
    TCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGA
    TGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTA
    GCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTA
    ACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTAC
    GATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCG
    ATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCAT
    CGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGA
    TCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGC
    TAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGG
    ACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGC
    ATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGG
    Question: what are the pros &
    cons of nationwide medical
    genomics?
    Why? How?
    Cost?
    Privacy?
    Which patients?
    Insurance?
    Family?

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  21. AGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACG
    ATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGAT
    CGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATG
    CTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGA
    GCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCG
    ATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACA
    TCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATC
    TGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCT
    AGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGG
    ACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAAC
    TGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATAC
    GACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCA
    TCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGA
    TGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTA
    GCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTA
    ACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTAC
    GATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCG
    ATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCAT
    CGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGA
    TCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGC
    TAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGG
    ACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGC
    ATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGG
    HIVtests
    Invitrofertilisation
    Hearttransplants
    Bloodtransfusions
    Smallpoxvaccines

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  22. AGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACG
    ATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGAT
    CGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATG
    CTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGA
    GCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCG
    ATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACA
    TCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATC
    TGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCT
    AGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGG
    ACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAAC
    TGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAG
    CATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATAC
    GACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCA
    TCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGA
    TGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTA
    GCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTA
    ACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCATGCTAC
    GATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTGATCGATCG
    ATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGGACATCGAGCGGCAT
    CGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGCATCTGAGCGATCGA
    TCGATGCATGCTACGATCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCTAGC
    TAGCTGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGGCGG
    ACATCGAGCGGCATCGAGCGATCGACTAACGATCGACTAGCATCAGACGATCGAACTGACGACTAGC
    ATCTGAGCGATCGATCGATGCTAGCTAGCTAGCAAGCTAGCATACGACATCGACGACGGACTATCGG
    Should patients drive this faster?
    Genomics will be integral
    to NHS care soon
    Any cause for concern?
    When should GP have genomes for all?

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