Optimize APK Size

How to optimize APK size and why it so important for your product

Transcript

1. Kirill Rozov Lead Android Developer Optimize APK size
2. medium.com/googleplaydev/shrinking-apks-growing-installs-5d3fcba23ce2 Average downloaded APK size
4. 64 MB
5. What for? Download APK size 0 5 10 15 20 25 Size from Google Play for Xiaomi Mi A1 Android 8.0
6. Why it’s problem?
7. Why it’s problem? • Support low-end devices
8. Why it’s problem? • Support low-end devices • Low space on device memory
9. Why it’s problem? • Support low-end devices • Low space on device memory • How long time it will take to download app
 I need it right now!!!
10. Why it’s problem? • Support low-end devices • Low space on device memory • How long time it will take to download app
 I need it right now!!! • No Wi-Fi
11. Why it’s problem? • Support low-end devices • Low space on device memory • How long time it will take to download app
 I need it right now!!! • No Wi-Fi • Cellular data costs
12. Negatives Effects
13. Negatives Effects • Lower install convertion rate
14. Negatives Effects • Lower install convertion rate • Google Play Featuring problems
15. Negatives Effects • Lower install convertion rate • Google Play Featuring problems • Google Play Security Checks problems
16. Negatives Effects • Lower install convertion rate • Google Play Featuring problems • Google Play Security Checks problems • Problems with Instant App (4Mb limits)
19. APK Structure
20. APK Structure
21. APK Structure
22. Size related to app
23. Size related to app • APK size
24. Size related to app • APK size • Initial download size
25. Size related to app • APK size • Initial download size • On-device install size
26. Size related to app • APK size • Initial download size • On-device install size • Update download size
27. Size related to app • APK size • Initial download size • On-device install size • Update download size
28. Graphic Optimizations
29. Image Optimizers
30. PNGQuant ImageMagick PNGGauntlet PNGOut PNGCrush OptiPNG CryoPNG PNG Compressor Yahoo Smush.it PNGOptimizer PunyPNG TinyPNG PNGWolf Advpng DeflOpt Defluff Huffmix TruePNG PNGng-s9 zopfliPNG
31. ImageOptim
32. Optimization results 9.0 MB
33. Optimization results 6.5 MB
34. Optimization results 228 Images Save: 28% Average: 36% Max saving: 98.6% 6.5 MB
35. Android PNG Cruncher android { buildTypes { release { // Disable PNG optimisation crunchPngs false } } }
36. SVGO github.com/svg/svgo
37. Use WebP
38. PNG vs WebP PNG, 958 KB WebP 100%, 286 KB -70%
39. PNG vs WebP PNG, 958 KB WebP 75%, 29 KB -97%
42. Vector graphics
43. Vector graphics xxxhdpi 3.6 KB xxhdpi xhdpi hdpi mdpi 2.5 KB 1.6 KB 1.1 KB 0.7 KB PNG, 100x100dp, 8 bit
44. Vector graphics Size, bytes Optimized PNG, 5 files SVG VectorDrawable Android Shape RAW 10,023 359 416 232 In APK 10,023 - 371 241
45. Glide + SVG github.com/kirich1409/SvgGlidePlugins
46. POTrace PNG SVG potrace.sourceforge.net
47. Reuse graphics
50. Image tint <ImageView android:src="@drawable/ic_favorite_black_48dp" android:tint=“@color/blue" /> Drawable.setTint(int) Drawable.setTint(ColorStateList)
51. Optimize images • Use image optimizer • Use WebP • Use vector graphics • Reuse similar images
52. Resources
 Optimizations
53. Fonts
56. Downloadable fonts
57. Unnecessary resources
58. Resource shrinker android { buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled true shrinkResources true } } }
59. Resource configurations android { defaultConfig { resConfigs ’ru’, ‘en’, ‘es’, ‘fr’, ‘ge’ } }
60. Resource configurations android { defaultConfig { resConfigs ’ru’, ‘en’, ‘es’, ‘fr’, ‘ge’ resConfigs ’mdpi’, ‘hdpi’, ‘xhdpi’, ‘xxhdpi’ resConfigs ’normal’, ‘large’, ‘xlarge’ } }
61. Resource Optimizations • Downloadable fonts • Remove unused resources • Reuse resources
62. Resource Optimizations • Downloadable fonts • Remove unused resources • Reuse resources • Use recommended media formats
 AAC for audio, H264 AVC for Video and etc.
63. Resource Optimizations • Downloadable fonts • Remove unused resources • Reuse resources • Use recommended media formats
 AAC for audio, H264 AVC for Video and etc. • Update strings over-the-air
64. Code Optimizations
65. D8 dex compiler
66. DX compilation time Time (s) 0 5 10 15 20 DX D8 * Tested with benchmark project here
67. .dex file size File size, MB 0 10 20 30 40 50 DX D8 * Tested with benchmark project here
68. Code optimizations tools
69. Code optimizations tools • Java bytecode • ProGuard • DexGuard • R8 • dex • Facebook ReDex
70. Input JARs Optimised code Optimize Shrunk code Shrink Obfuscated code Obfuscate Output JARs Preverify
71. ProGuard Result No optimization Optimization Optimization + obfuscation .dex size 2.6 Mb 1.2 Mb 0.9 Mb Classes number 4827 2747 2715 Method references 42664 22319 18922 medium.com/google-developers/practical-proguard-rules-examples-5640a3907dc9
72. External libraries usage
73. External libraries usage
74. External libraries usage • Remove unused Android Support Library parts
75. External libraries usage • Remove unused Android Support Library parts • Try to don’t add libraries for 1 class/method usage
76. External libraries usage • Remove unused Android Support Library parts • Try to don’t add libraries for 1 class/method usage • Reflection based libraries can’t be properly optimised and shrinked
77. External libraries usage • Remove unused Android Support Library parts • Try to don’t add libraries for 1 class/method usage • Reflection based libraries can’t be properly optimised and shrinked • Don’t add debug libraries to a release builds • Facebook Stetho • LeakCanary • etc.
78. Native libraries
79. Remove unused ABIs android { defaultConfig { ndk { abiFilters ‘armeabi-v7a’, ‘arm64-v8a’, ‘x86’ } } }
80. Code Optimisations • Use D8 compiler instead of DX • Code optimizations & shrinker tools • Be careful about using external libraries • Remove support of unused ABIs
81. Other Optimizations
82. APK Structure
83. APK Structure
84. Packaging options android { packagingOptions { exclude "/okhttp3/**" exclude "/com/google/api/**" exclude "/kotlin/**" exclude "/com/applovin/**.java" exclude "/META-INF/*.version" exclude "/META-INF/**.pro" exclude "/META-INF/services/**" exclude "**/*.kotlin_module" exclude "**/*.properties" exclude "**/*.xml" } }
85. Google Play
86. Features
87. Features • Special compression format
88. Features • Special compression format • File-by-File updates
89. Features • Special compression format • File-by-File updates • Lite Version
91. 1.4 MB
92. Features • Special compression format • File-by-File updates • Lite Version
93. Features • Special compression format • File-by-File updates • Lite Version • Multiple APKs
94. Google Play Multiple APKs • OpenGL texture compression formats • Screen sizes and densities • Device feature sets • Platform versions • CPU architectures • Special APK for Android Go Edition
95. Google Play Dynamic Delivery
96. Google Play Dynamic Delivery
97. Google Play Dynamic Delivery
98. Android App Bundle
99. Notes about App Bundle • App Bundle has limitations for now • Required Android Studio 3.2 • Need to apply Google Play App Signing • Google Play internal test track for test App Bundle in few minutes • bundletool for build an APK from App Bundle
102. Q&A Kirill Rozov Lead Android Developer