C Lecture 2013.09.19

Transcript

1. ϓϩάϥϛϯάߨश 2013.09.19 by @masawada, @alstamber
2. Έͳ͞Μ ͓͸Α͏͍͟͝·͢
3. ߨࢣ
4. masawada
5. alstamber
6. ΑΖ͓͘͠ئ͍͠·͢
8. ॾ࿈བྷ
9. • ձ৔͕12:00·Ͱ͔͠࢖͑·ͤΜ • MMAͷΠϕϯτͰ͸ͳ͍ͨΊڭࣨͱΕͣ • ۭ͍ͯͨΒ13:00-15:00͕ͱΕ·͢ • னٳܜΛ12:00-13:00Ͱ͸͞Έ·͢
10. • ๻͸৯ਆʹ͍͖·͢(ଟ෼) • ॏཁͳ෦෼͸12:00·ͰʹऴΘΒͤ·͢ • 13:00͔Β͸໰୊Λղ͖·͢ • ͍ΘΏΔԋश • ్தୀࣨՄͰ͢
11. • શһ͍ͳ͘ͳͬͨΒ΍Ί·͢ • ॾ஫ҙ௕͍Ͱ͢Ͷ • ͜Μͳײ͡ͰਐΊ·͢ • Θ͔Βͳ͍͜ͱ͋ͬͨΒਵ࣭࣌໰Λ ͱ͹͍ͯͩ͘͠͞
12. ߨशͷର৅
13. ޙظ͔Β ϓϩάϥϛϯά௨࿦ ͕࢝·Δ
14. ϓϩάϥϛϯά Α͘Θ͔ΒΜ
15. ͍ͬͯ͏ਓ޲͚
16. ܭࢉػ௨࿦ ͱͬͯͳ͍ͻͱ޲͚
17. ຊ೔ͷ໨త
18. ޙظͷतۀʹ ଱͑͏Δ஌ࣝΛ͚ͭΔ
20. ຊ೔ͷ͓͠ͳ͕͖ • ϓϩάϥϛϯάͱ͸ • Cͷجૅ • ม਺ • ੍ޚߏจ • ഑ྻ/ߏ଄ମ • ϙΠϯλ • ؔ਺ • ԋश
21. ϓϩάϥϛϯάͱ͸
22. Scratch
23. ͜Ε΋ ϓϩάϥϛϯά
24. ͻͱͱ͓Γͷཧղ
25. •ม਺/഑ྻ •੍ޚߏจ •ؔ਺
26. + ݴޠಛ༗ͷػೳ
27. •ϙΠϯλ •ߏ଄ମ
28. ͦ΋ͦ΋ͳΜͰ CΛษڧ͢Δͷʁ
29. Rubyͱ͔Pythonͱ͔ φ΢͍ݴޠ΍Γ͍ͨ
30. ౦େͩͬͯΞϧΰͰ Ruby࢖ͬͯΔ͡ΌΜ
31. •×ίϯϐϡʔλΛಈ͔͢ •◦ίϯϐϡʔλΛཧղ͢Δ
33. ܭࢉػͷ࢓૊ΈΛ ཧղ͢Δ
34. ਖ਼௚ͦ͜·Ͱ ਂ͘΍Βͳͯ͘Α͍
35. • ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠҰൠͷߟ͑ํ • Cݴޠಛ༗ͷॻ͖ํ • ͱ͔Λ͞Βͬͱ΍Γ·͢
36. Cݴޠͷجૅ
37. •ίʔυΛॻ͘ •ίϯύΠϧ͢Δ •࣮ߦ͢Δ Cݴޠͷجૅ
38. $ emacs hello.c --- #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf(“Hello, world!\n”); return 0; }
39. $ gcc hello.c -o hello $ ./hello Hello, world!
40. #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf(“Hello, world!\n”); return 0; }
41. ࣮͸ͳͯ͘΋ྑ͍
42. stdio.h = st(andar)d I(n/)O(ut).h(eader)
43. ඪ४ೖग़ྗ
44. •printf •scanf
45. #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf(“Hello, world!\n”); return 0; }
46. #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf(“Hello, world!\n”); return 0; }
47. #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf(“Hello, world!\n”); return 0; }
48. $ gcc hello.c -o hello ɹ
49. $ [gcc] hello.c -o hello ίϯύΠϧ༻ίϚϯυ
50. $ gcc [hello.c] -o hello ίϯύΠϧ͢Διʔείʔυ
51. $ gcc hello.c [-o] hello outfile Φϓγϣϯ
52. $ gcc hello.c -o [hello] ϑΝΠϧ໊
53. $ ./hello Hello, World
54. Ҏ্ɺCͷجૅ
55. ม਺ͷ࿩
56. ͻͱͱ͓Γͷཧղ
57. •ม਺/഑ྻ •੍ޚߏจ •ؔ਺
58. + ݴޠಛ༗ͷػೳ
59. •ϙΠϯλ •ߏ଄ମ
60. • ৘ใͷอଘํ๏(σʔλߏ଄) • ੍ޚ/ؔ਺
61. • ৘ใͷอଘ(σʔλߏ଄) • ม਺ɺ഑ྻɺ(ϙΠϯλ)ɺߏ଄ମ • ੍ޚ/ؔ਺ • ੍ޚߏจɺؔ਺
62. ม਺
63. x = 10 y = 20
64. int x = 10; int y = 20;
65. ܭࢉػ
66. ON 1 OFF 0
67. 0100101001010100...
69. •int ੔਺ •float, double ුಈখ਺఺(খ਺) •char จࣈ
70. • ม਺: 1ͭͷσʔλΛอଘ͢Δ΋ͷ • ≒σʔλʹ໊લΛ෇͚͓ͯ࣋ͬͯ͘ • ܕ͸σʔλͷछྨΛද͢ ·ͱΊ
71. ੍ޚߏจͷ࿩
72. ϓϩάϥϜ͸্͔Β ॱ൪ʹॲཧ
73. ॱ൪Λม͍͑ͨʂ
74. ൺֱԋࢉࢠ
75. <ͱ͔>ͱ͔==ͱ͔
76. ཭ࢄ਺ֶ
77. a b a < b 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
78. 0ͳΒِ 0Ҏ֎ͳΒਅ
79. ੍ޚߏจ
80. •if - else - ৚݅Ͱ෼ذ •while - ಉ͡ॲཧΛ·ͱΊΔ •for - whileͷ্Ґ൛
81. if - else
82. ΋͠ʙͳΒ Ͱͳ͚Ε͹
83. aͱbͰେ͖͍ํΛ ग़ྗ͍ͨ͠
84. int a = 10; int b = 20; if ( a < b ) { printf(“%d\n”, b); } else { printf(“%d\n”, a); }
85. int a = 10; int b = 20; if ( a > b ) { printf(“%d\n”, b); } else { printf(“%d\n”, a); }
86. while
87. ʙͷؒ
88. 10͔Β1·Ͱ Χ΢ϯτμ΢ϯ͍ͨ͠
89. int i = 10; printf(“%d\n”, i); i = i - 1; printf(“%d\n”, i); i = i - 1; ...
90. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
91. i = i - 1;
92. int i = 10; // i: 10 int tmp = i - 1; // i: 10 i = tmp; // i: 9
93. int i = 10; printf(“%d\n”, i); i = i - 1; printf(“%d\n”, i); i = i - 1; ...
94. int i = 10; while ( 0 < i ) { printf(“%d\n”, i); i = i - 1; }
95. for
96. whileͷ্Ґ൛
97. int i = 10; while ( 0 < i ) { printf(“%d\n”, i); i = i - 1; }
98. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); }
99. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); }
100. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); }
101. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10
102. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10
103. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10
104. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9
105. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9
106. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9
107. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8
108. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8
109. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8
110. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7
111. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7
112. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7
113. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6
114. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6
115. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6
116. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5
117. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5
118. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5
119. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
120. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
121. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
122. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
123. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
124. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
125. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
126. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
127. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
128. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
129. int i; for (i = 10; 0 < i; i = i - 1) { printf(“%d\n”, i); } 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
130. ·ͱΊ • ॲཧͷॱ൪Λม͑Δͷʹ੍ޚจΛ࢖͏ • ৚݅Ͱ෼ذ͢Δ • ifͱ͔whileͱ͔͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Δ • for͸whileͷ্Ґ൛Έ͍ͨͳײ͡
131. ·ͱΊ • ଞʹ΋do-whileͱ͔switchͱ͔͋Δ • άάͬͯ(͋Μ·Γ࢖Θͳ͍ؾ͕͢Δ)
133. ഑ྻͷ࿩
134. ม਺·ͱΊͨ΍ͭ
135. ม਺·ͱΊͯ ਺ࣈॱʹͳΒ΂ͨ΍ͭ
136. a͞ΜͷମॏΛ ೥ྸॱʹه࿥͍ͨ͠
137. int a0 = 3; ... int a6 = 22; int a7 = 24; int a8 = 27;
138. ໊લ෇͚Δͷ͕ ͱͯ΋ΊΜͲ͍͘͞
139. int a[100]; a[0] = 3; ... a[6] = 22; a[7] = 24; a[8] = 27;
140. ศརʂʂʂ
141. int a[100]; ܕ ഑ྻ໊[ ֬อ͢Δ਺ ]; a[0] = 3; ഑ྻ໊[ ఴࣈ ] = ஋;
142. จࣈ char
143. จࣈྻ char[]
144. char name[8] = “haru067”;
145. ཉ͍͠จࣈ਺+1 Ͱ֬อ
146. char name[8] = “haru067”;
147. char name[8] = “haru067\0”;
148. • ഑ྻΛ࢖͏ͱม਺Λ·ͱΊΒΕΔ • จࣈྻ͸จࣈܕ(char)ͷ഑ྻ ·ͱΊ
149. ߏ଄ମͷ࿩
150. ߏ଄ମ͸ දͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ
151. ͪΐͬͱ͚ͩ ഑ྻʹࣅͯΔ
152. ໊લ ೥ྸ ਎௕ ମॏ Ұ࿠ 19 165 59 ೋ࿠ 20 172 64 ࡾ࿠ 21 183 72 ࢛࿠ 16 159 53
153. struct brother { int age; double height; double weight; }; // ηϛίϩϯΘ͢Εͣʹ
154. struct brother ichiro; ichiro.age = 19; ichiro.height = 165; ichiro.weight = 59; printf(“%d\n”, ichiro.age); // 19
155. struct brother ichiro; ichiro.age = 19; ichiro.height = 165; ichiro.weight = 59; printf(“%d\n”, ichiro.age); // 19
156. brother ichiro; ichiro.age = 19; ichiro.height = 165; ichiro.weight = 59; printf(“%d\n”, ichiro.age); // 19
157. ͍͍ͪͪstructॻ͘ͷ ΊΜͲ͏
158. ܕͷΑ͏ʹѻ͍͍ͨ
159. struct brother { char name[20]; int age; double height; double weight; };
160. typedef struct { char name[20]; int age; double height; double weight; } brother;
161. ·ͱΊ • ߏ଄ମ͸ؔ࿈͢ΔσʔλΛ·ͱΊΔ • දΈ͍ͨͳײ͡ • ޙظͷߨٛͰׂͱॏཁͬΆ͍
162. ؔ਺ͷ࿩
164. ؔ਺
165. f(x) = x * x
166. ͍͍ͩͨ͋ͬͯΔ
167. int sq (int num) { return num * num; } int main(){ int a = 3; printf(“%d\n”, sq(a)); return 0; }
168. Math: f(x) = x * x C: int sq (int num) { return num * num; }
169. Math: f(x) = x * x C: int sq (int num) { return num * num; }
170. Math: f(x) = x * x C: int sq (int num) { return num * num; }
171. Math: f(x) = x * x C: int sq (int num) { return num * num; }
172. Math: f(x) = x * x C: int sq (int num) { return num * num; }
173. int sq (int num) { return num * num; } ܕ ؔ਺໊ ( ܕ Ҿ਺ ) { ॲཧ ؔ਺ͷܕʹ߹ͬͨฦΓ஋ }
174. int sq (int num) { return num * num; } ܕ ؔ਺໊ ( ܕ Ҿ਺, ܕ Ҿ਺ ) { ॲཧ ؔ਺ͷܕʹ߹ͬͨฦΓ஋ }
175. int sq (int num) { return num * num; } int main(){ int a = 3; printf(“%d\n”, sq(a)); return 0; }
176. f(x) = x * x b = 3 f(b) = 9
177. Ҿ਺पΓͰ ೰Ή͜ͱ͸ͳ͍
178. ฦΓ஋
179. ϙΠϯλ
181. ϙΠϯλ͸”ࢀর”
182. • ม਺ͷ”৔ॴ(ΞυϨε)”ΛೖΕΔม਺ • ม਺: ࣗൢػͷ্ͷϘλϯ • ϙΠϯλม਺: ࣗൢػͷԼͷϘλϯ ্ͷϘλϯͷ”৔ॴ”Λ֮͑Δ ͭ·Γɺ”த਎”Λ֮͑ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͍ ϙΠϯλ
183. // ϙΠϯλͷએݴ // “৔ॴ”ΛೖΕΔม਺ int *b_button;
184. // ϙΠϯλͷએݴ // “৔ॴ”ΛೖΕΔม਺ int *b_button; b_button = &button; // &͸ม਺ͷ”৔ॴ”Λࣔ͢
185. // ϙΠϯλͷએݴ // “৔ॴ”ΛೖΕΔม਺ int *b_button; b_button = &button; button = 1;
186. // ϙΠϯλͷએݴ // “৔ॴ”ΛೖΕΔม਺ int *b_button; b_button = &button; button = 1; printf(“%d\n”, *b_button); // 1
187. ϙΠϯλ͸”ࢀর”
188. ϙΠϯλ͸ࢦఆ͞Εͨ ৔ॴͷม਺ͷ஋Λݟʹߦ͘
189. void sq (int *num1, int *num2) { num1 = &a; num2 = &b; *num1 = *num1 * *num1; *num2 = *num2 * *num2; } int main(){ int a = 3, b = 6; sq(&a, &b); printf(“%d, %d\”, a, b);
190. ·ͱΊ • ಉ͡ॲཧΛผͷ৔ॴͰߦ͍ͬͯΔͱ͖ ؔ਺ʹ·ͱΊΔͱݟ௨͕͠Α͘ͳΔ • ฦΓ஋͕ෳ਺ͩͬͨΓɺ഑ྻͷ৔߹͸ ϙΠϯλΛ࢖͏
191. ·ͱΊ • ϙΠϯλ͸ࢀর