Photoionization Modeling of Warm Absorbing Outflows in Active Galactic Nuclei

Talk given at CfA Postdoc Symposium, Harvard/CfA, Cambridge, USA, October 2016

Transcript

1. Ashkbiz Danehkar Ashkbiz Danehkar Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium, Phillips Auditorium, Harvard/CfA/SAO, Cambridge , MA In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT), In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT), Randall Smith (SAO), Gerard Kriss (STSI) and et al. Randall Smith (SAO), Gerard Kriss (STSI) and et al. Photoionization Modeling Photoionization Modeling of Warm Absorbing Outflows of Warm Absorbing Outflows in Active Galactic Nuclei in Active Galactic Nuclei PG 1211+143
2. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 2 Outline • Introduction – Active Galactic Nuclei Unified Model – Ionized X-ray Absorbers in AGNs of Seyfert I Galaxies • X-ray Ionized Absorbers – Warm Absorbers (WAs) and Ultra-fast Outflows (UFOs) • Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers • Absorber Density Profile • Unification of WAs and UFOs • Conclusion
3. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 3 Introduction Introduction AGN Unified Model (radio-loud & -quiet AGN, Seyfert I & II Galaxies) Beckmann & Shrader 2012, Active Galactic Nuclei Unified Models for AFNs Antonucci, ARA&A, 1993, 31, 473 Unified Schemes for AGNs Megan Urry & Padovani, 1995, PASP, 107, 803 Fanaroff–Riley class I Fanaroff–Riley class II
4. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 4 Ionized X-ray Absorbers in AGNs of Seyfert I Galaxies Introduction Introduction Warm Absorbers Beckmann & Shrader 2012 (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs Hot Corona K-shell Iron Disk Black-body PG 1211+143
5. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 5 X-ray Ionized Absorbers X-ray Ionized Absorbers • Ultra-fast Outflows (UFOs): – Highly Ionized absorption lines (primarily H-like & He-like Fe) with Velocity > 10,000 km/s (0.03c) – high velocity ~ 0.1– 0.4c (Pounds + 2003, Cappi 2006, Braito + 2007) – Recently observed in 30% of radio-quiet and -loud AGNs (Tombest + 2010,2011,2012,2014) • “Warm” Absorbers (WAs): – Ionized absorption lines (primarily H-like & He-like O, Ne, Mg, Si, S) with Velocity < 10,000 km/s (0.03c) – Observed in 50% of Seyfert I galaxies (Reynold & Fabian 1995, Reynold 1997, George + 1998) PG 1211+143
6. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 6 • XSTARDB & XSTAR2XSPEC • Parallelization with MPI_XSTAR github.com/xstarkit/mpi_xstar • Physical Conditions (free parameters): – Column density (N H ) – Ionization parameter (ξ) – Number density (n) – Ionizing SED (Radio+UV+Opt+X-ray) Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers • Photo-emission, Ionized absorption XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004) or CLOUDY (Ferland + 1998) (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs PG 1211+143
7. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 7 The Quasar PG 1211+143 The Quasar PG 1211+143 Warm Absorber at -0.06c but further analysis needed PG 1211+143 Chandra Observations (PI J.C. Lee) PG 1211+143
8. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 8 Ionization parameter Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004) Gas density Luminosity (0.0136-13.6 keV) Radius Column density Shell thickness Outflow velocity BH mass King & Pounds 2015; XMM-Newton & Suzaku (42 radio-quiet, Tombesi et al 2011; 51 AGN, Gofford et al. 2013)
9. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 9 • Absorption Measure Distribution (AMD): similar to Emission Measure Distribution (EMD) Absorber Density Profile Absorber Density Profile Tombesi + 2013 n(r) ~ r -1.4 density profile Behar 2009
10. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 10 Unification of UFOs and WAs Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers Tombesi + 2013
11. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 11 Summary Summary • Seyfert I galaxies – WAs: X-ray absorption lines in soft excess (mainly H-like & He-like O, Ne, Mg, Si & S ions) with low velocity < 10,000 km/s – UFOs: X-ray highly ionized absorption line (mainly H-like & He-like Fe) with high velocity higher than 10,000 km/s ~ 0.1– 0.4c • Photoionization Code XSTAR (XSTAR Grids, xstardb) – Physical Conditions: ionization parameters, column density, & gas density • Absorber Density Profile: n(r) ~ r -1.4 • Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers: UFOs + WAs ?
12. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 12 Thank you for your attention Thank you for your attention
13. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 13 • XSTAR Grids – log(N H ) = 18 … 25 cm-2 – log(ξ) = -3 … 5 – log(n) = 12 cm-3 – V turb = fix (100 … 1000 km/s) – Abundances = const. (solar) • XSTAR2TABLE, XSTAR2XSPEC • PVM_XSTAR (Noble et al 2009) – Parallel Virtual Machine • MPI_XSTAR – Message Passing Interface • xout_mtable.fits: absorption spectrum • xout_ain.fits: emission spectrum Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs • xo01_detail.fits (pops.fits) • xstardb in isis – log(N H ) = variable (18 … 25 cm-2) – log(ξ) = variable (-3 … 5) – log(n) = variable (11-14 cm-3) – V turb = variable – Abundances = variables • photemis() & warmabs() Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004) (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs • PModel: PVM-based parallelization of ISIS models (bbody+powerlaw)*pm_mult(1,warmabs(1),warmabs(2))
14. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 14 Ionization parameter Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004) Gas density Luminosity (0.0136-13.6 keV) Radius Column density Shell thickness Outflow velocity BH mass (Haring & Rix 2004) σ = 4.4 (Kormendy & Ho 2013) King & Pounds 2015; XMM-Newton & Suzaku (Tombesi et al 2011; Gofford et al. 2013)
15. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 15 X-ray Ionized Absorbers X-ray Ionized Absorbers Cappi 2006