Photoionization Modeling of Warm Absorbing Outflows in Active Galactic Nuclei

Talk given at CfA Postdoc Symposium, Harvard/CfA, Cambridge, USA, October 2016

Transcript

1. Ashkbiz Danehkar
   Ashkbiz Danehkar
   Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
   Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
   ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu
   ashkbiz.danehkar@cfa.harvard.edu
   October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium, Phillips Auditorium, Harvard/CfA/SAO, Cambridge , MA
   In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT),
   In collaborations with: Julia Lee (Harvard), Mike Nowak (MIT),
   Randall Smith (SAO), Gerard Kriss (STSI) and et al.
   Randall Smith (SAO), Gerard Kriss (STSI) and et al.
   Photoionization Modeling
   Photoionization Modeling
   of Warm Absorbing Outflows
   of Warm Absorbing Outflows
   in Active Galactic Nuclei
   in Active Galactic Nuclei
   PG 1211+143
   

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2. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 2
   Outline
   ●
   Introduction
   – Active Galactic Nuclei Unified Model
   – Ionized X-ray Absorbers in AGNs of Seyfert I Galaxies
   ●
   X-ray Ionized Absorbers
   – Warm Absorbers (WAs) and Ultra-fast Outflows (UFOs)
   ●
   Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
   ●
   Absorber Density Profile
   ●
   Unification of WAs and UFOs
   ●
   Conclusion
   

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3. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 3
   Introduction
   Introduction
   AGN Unified Model (radio-loud & -quiet AGN, Seyfert I & II Galaxies)
   Beckmann & Shrader 2012,
   Active Galactic Nuclei
   Unified Models for AFNs
   Antonucci, ARA&A, 1993, 31, 473
   Unified Schemes for AGNs
   Megan Urry & Padovani, 1995, PASP, 107, 803
   Fanaroff–Riley
   class I
   Fanaroff–Riley
   class II
   

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4. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 4
   Ionized X-ray Absorbers in AGNs of Seyfert I Galaxies
   Introduction
   Introduction
   Warm
   Absorbers
   Beckmann & Shrader 2012
   (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs
   Hot Corona
   K-shell Iron
   Disk
   Black-body
   PG 1211+143
   

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5. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 5
   X-ray Ionized Absorbers
   X-ray Ionized Absorbers
   ●
   Ultra-fast Outflows (UFOs):
   – Highly Ionized absorption lines
   (primarily H-like & He-like Fe)
   with Velocity > 10,000 km/s (0.03c)
   – high velocity ~ 0.1– 0.4c
   (Pounds + 2003, Cappi 2006, Braito + 2007)
   – Recently observed in 30% of
   radio-quiet and -loud AGNs
   (Tombest + 2010,2011,2012,2014)
   ●
   “Warm” Absorbers (WAs):
   – Ionized absorption lines (primarily
   H-like & He-like O, Ne, Mg, Si, S) with
   Velocity < 10,000 km/s (0.03c)
   – Observed in 50% of Seyfert I galaxies
   (Reynold & Fabian 1995, Reynold 1997, George + 1998)
   PG 1211+143
   

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6. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 6
   ●
   XSTARDB & XSTAR2XSPEC
   ●
   Parallelization with MPI_XSTAR github.com/xstarkit/mpi_xstar
   ●
   Physical Conditions (free parameters):
   – Column density (N
   H
   )
   – Ionization parameter (ξ)
   – Number density (n)
   – Ionizing SED (Radio+UV+Opt+X-ray)
   Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
   Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
   ●
   Photo-emission, Ionized absorption
   XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004) or CLOUDY (Ferland + 1998)
   (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs
   PG 1211+143
   

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7. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 7
   The Quasar PG 1211+143
   The Quasar PG 1211+143
   Warm Absorber at -0.06c
   but further analysis needed
   PG 1211+143 Chandra Observations (PI J.C. Lee)
   PG 1211+143
   

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8. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 8
   Ionization
   parameter
   Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
   Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
   Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman + 1996, 2004)
   Gas
   density
   Luminosity
   (0.0136-13.6 keV)
   Radius
   Column
   density
   Shell
   thickness
   Outflow
   velocity
   BH
   mass
   King & Pounds 2015; XMM-Newton & Suzaku (42 radio-quiet, Tombesi et al 2011; 51 AGN, Gofford et al. 2013)
   

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9. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 9
   ●
   Absorption Measure Distribution (AMD): similar to Emission Measure Distribution (EMD)
   Absorber Density Profile
   Absorber Density Profile
   Tombesi + 2013
   n(r) ~ r -1.4 density profile
   Behar 2009
   

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10. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 10
    Unification of UFOs and WAs
    Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers
    Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers
    Tombesi + 2013
    

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11. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 11
    Summary
    Summary
    ●
    Seyfert I galaxies
    – WAs: X-ray absorption lines in soft excess (mainly H-like & He-like O,
    Ne, Mg, Si & S ions) with low velocity < 10,000 km/s
    – UFOs: X-ray highly ionized absorption line (mainly H-like & He-like
    Fe) with high velocity higher than 10,000 km/s ~ 0.1– 0.4c
    ●
    Photoionization Code XSTAR (XSTAR Grids, xstardb)
    – Physical Conditions: ionization parameters,
    column density, & gas density
    ●
    Absorber Density Profile: n(r) ~ r -1.4
    ●
    Unification of X-ray Ionized Absorbers:
    UFOs + WAs ?
    

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12. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 12
    Thank you for your attention
    Thank you for your attention
    

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13. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 13
    ●
    XSTAR Grids
    – log(N
    H
    ) = 18 … 25 cm-2
    – log(ξ) = -3 … 5
    – log(n) = 12 cm-3
    – V
    turb
    = fix (100 … 1000 km/s)
    – Abundances = const. (solar)
    ●
    XSTAR2TABLE, XSTAR2XSPEC
    ●
    PVM_XSTAR (Noble et al 2009)
    – Parallel Virtual Machine
    ●
    MPI_XSTAR
    – Message Passing Interface
    ●
    xout_mtable.fits: absorption spectrum
    ●
    xout_ain.fits: emission spectrum
    Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
    Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
    (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ emis) x ∏ abs
    ●
    xo01_detail.fits (pops.fits)
    ●
    xstardb in isis
    – log(N
    H
    ) = variable (18 … 25 cm-2)
    – log(ξ) = variable (-3 … 5)
    – log(n) = variable (11-14 cm-3)
    – V
    turb
    = variable
    – Abundances = variables
    ●
    photemis() & warmabs()
    Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004)
    (bbody + powerlaw + ∑ photemis) x ∏ warmabs
    ●
    PModel: PVM-based parallelization of ISIS models
    (bbody+powerlaw)*pm_mult(1,warmabs(1),warmabs(2))
    

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14. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 14
    Ionization
    parameter
    Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
    Photoionization Modeling of Ionized Absorbers
    Photoionization Code XSTAR (Kallman et al 1996, 2004)
    Gas
    density
    Luminosity
    (0.0136-13.6 keV)
    Radius
    Column
    density
    Shell
    thickness
    Outflow
    velocity
    BH
    mass
    (Haring & Rix 2004)
    σ = 4.4
    (Kormendy & Ho 2013)
    King & Pounds 2015; XMM-Newton & Suzaku (Tombesi et al 2011; Gofford et al. 2013)
    

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15. October 7th, 2016 CfA Postdoc Symposium 15
    X-ray Ionized Absorbers
    X-ray Ionized Absorbers
    Cappi 2006
    

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