Conserved capacity of app usage - Data Science Lecture

Transcript

1. Strategies and limitations in app usage
   and human mobility
   Marco De Nadai (http://www.marcodena.it)
   

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3. 3
   Mobility, Social interactions are conserved
   

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4. 4
   Mobility, Social interactions are conserved
   

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5. 5
   What about apps?
   

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6. 6
   Photo: Liz Hafalia, The Chronicle + NBC News
   

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7. 7
   THERE ARE 2.1M APPS IN THE
   GOOGLE PLAY STORE
   App usage statistics by Statista.com & hubspot.net
   

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8. 8
   PEOPLE SPEND AN INCREASINGLY
   AMOUNT OF TIME ON THE PHONE […]
   REACHING 3 HOURS PER DAY
   THERE ARE 2.1M APPS IN THE
   GOOGLE PLAY STORE
   App usage statistics by Statista.com & hubspot.net
   

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9. 9
   PEOPLE SPEND AN INCREASINGLY
   AMOUNT OF TIME ON THE PHONE […]
   REACHING 3 HOURS PER DAY
   THERE ARE 2.1M APPS IN THE
   GOOGLE PLAY STORE
   App usage statistics by Statista.com & hubspot.net
   USER ENGAGMENT INCREASED BY 23%
   

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10. 10
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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11. 11
    ALWAYS USED
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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12. 12
    ALWAYS USED
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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13. 13
    ALWAYS USED
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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14. 14
    ALWAYS USED
    MEH... SOMETIMES
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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15. 15
    ALWAYS USED
    MEH... SOMETIMES
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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16. 16
    ALWAYS USED
    MEH... SOMETIMES
    WAS THIS APP EVEN
    HERE?
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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17. 17
    ALWAYS USED
    MEH... SOMETIMES
    WAS THIS APP EVEN
    HERE?
    • APP USAGE CHANGES
    • APPS CHANGE
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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18. 18
    ALWAYS USED
    MEH... SOMETIMES
    WAS THIS APP EVEN
    HERE?
    • APP USAGE CHANGES
    • APPS CHANGE
    But I always use the same apps!
    

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19. 19
    Monotony
    vs
    Growth of app usage
    

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20. 20
    •Screen time of 90K people
    •Over 8 months
    •69K different apps
    •12M of people’s hours spent on apps
    Data
    

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21. 21
    Data (pseudo-anonymized)
    

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22. 22
    Data (pseudo-anonymized)
    •Screen time
    •No network-based approaches
    •Unique dataset of app usage
    

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23. 23
    • !
    ~ ( + "
    )#$#!
    "
    • = 1.19 ± 0.01
    Characterizing App usage
    

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24. 24
    • !
    ~ ( + "
    )#$#!
    "
    • = 1.19 ± 0.01
    Characterizing App usage
    • !
    ~ ()#$
    • = 1.27 ± 0.01
    

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25. 25
    • !
    ~ ( + "
    )#$#!
    "
    • = 1.19 ± 0.01
    Characterizing App usage
    • !
    ~ ()#$
    • = 1.27 ± 0.01
    • ~ %
    • γ = 0.41
    

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26. 26
    • !
    ~ ( + "
    )#$#!
    "
    • = 1.19 ± 0.01
    Characterizing App usage
    • !
    ~ ()#$
    • = 1.27 ± 0.01
    • ~ %
    • γ = 0.41
    • PEOPLE TIME IS FOCUSED ON FEW APPS
    • PEOPLE KEEP EXPLORING NEW APPS
    

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27. 27
    The familiar apps over time: the App space
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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28. 28
    • Apps used at least twice and for at least 10 min per week
    • 20 weeks long sliding windows (1 week)
    • How does the App space evolve over time?
    The familiar apps over time: the App space
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    THE APP SPACE (t-1) THE APP SPACE (t+1)
    1 WEEK 1 WEEK
    

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29. App space over time (adopted and dropped apps)
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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30. App space over time (adopted and dropped apps)
    !
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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31. App space over time (adopted and dropped apps)
    !
    ! = (!) = 4
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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32. App space over time (adopted and dropped apps)
    "
    !
    ! = (!) = 4
    " = (") = 5
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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33. App space over time (adopted and dropped apps)
    #
    "
    !
    ! = (!) = 4
    " = (") = 5
    # = (#) = 4
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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34. App space over time (adopted and dropped apps)
    !$"
    =
    !$"
    =
    "$#
    =
    "$# =
    #
    "
    !
    ! = (!) = 4
    " = (") = 5
    # = (#) = 4
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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    • Gain: 3
    = 3
    − 3
    ()
    • 97.5% of people exhibit a conserved capacity ( 4#
    5$#
    ≤ 1)
    Adoped and dropped apps
    

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36. What is the conserved capacity?
    On average:
    •Everytime a new app is adopted, an older app is discarded
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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37. What is the conserved capacity?
    On average:
    •Everytime a new app is adopted, an older app is discarded
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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38. What is the conserved capacity?
    On average:
    •Everytime a new app is adopted, an older app is discarded
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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39. What is the conserved capacity?
    On average:
    •Everytime a new app is adopted, an older app is discarded
    THE APP SPACE (t)
    

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40. 40
    •Local shuffle: app usage order of a user
    •If the random permutated user has the same capacity => Time
    •Two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test
    •Set p-value threshold (0.05 or 0.001?)
    - Different (p-value < threshold)
    - Don’t know (p-value > threshold)
    Is capacity a time-constraints consequence?
    !
    "
    #
    $
    USER A #
    $
    !
    "
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolmogorov%E2%80%93Smirnov_test
    

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    •Local shuffle: app usage order of a user
    No time consequence (KS: 0.55 p-value < 0.001).
    •Global: app usage among users
    (KS: 0.98 p-value < 0.001). It’s an individual characteristics.
    Is capacity a time-constraints consequence?
    !
    "
    #
    $
    USER A #
    $
    !
    "
    !
    "
    #
    $
    USER A !
    "
    #
    $
    !
    "
    #
    $
    USER B !
    "
    #
    $
    

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    The app strategy
    • EXPLORERS (% ≫ )
    • KEEPERS (%
    ≪ )
    • Explorers adopt 1 new app every 28 weeks
    • Keepers always keep using the same apps
    % = % / %
    

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43. 43
    The app strategy
    • EXPLORERS (% ≫ )
    • KEEPERS (%
    ≪ )
    • Explorers adopt 1 new app every 28 weeks
    • Keepers always keep using the same apps
    % = % / %
    

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44. 44
    The app strategy
    • EXPLORERS (% ≫ )
    • KEEPERS (%
    ≪ )
    • Explorers adopt 1 new app every 28 weeks
    • Keepers always keep using the same apps
    % = % / %
    

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45. 45
    What about age?
    

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46. 46
    What about age?
    

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47. 47
    What about age?
    16
    What about age?
    

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48. 48
    People are focused on few apps, but keep exploring.
    Individuals exhibit a conserved app capacity
    •Capacity is an individual behaviour
    •Capacity varies with age
    •We can define app explorers and keepers
    •AND MORE!
    So?
    

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49. 49
    Then?
    

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50. 50
    Then?
    

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51. 51
    Then?
    

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52. 52
    Apps, Mobility, Social interactions are conserved
    DUNBAR’S NUMBER OF APPS?
    

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53. 53
    Apps that stay the most
    ~10% of apps are always kept
    ~17.5% are continuosly changed
    

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54. 54
    Strategy vs age
    

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55. 55
    EXERCISEEEE
    www.menti.com – Code: 2145921
    

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56. 56
    EXERCISEEEE!
    shorturl.at/nwSZ8
    

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65. 65
    What did I learn?
    

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66. 66
    Individuals exhibit a conserved app capacity
    •To explore dataaa
    •Understand complex queries
    •A bit of spark
    What did I learn?
    

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67. 67
    Individuals exhibit a conserved app capacity
    •To explore dataaa
    •Understand complex queries
    •A bit of spark
    What did I learn?
    

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68. 68
    Individuals exhibit a conserved app capacity
    •To explore dataaa
    •Understand complex queries
    •A bit of spark
    What did I learn?
    

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69. Thank you!
    @denadai2
    

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